Metabolic detoxification and ace-1 target site mutations associated with acetamiprid resistance in Aedes aegypti L

Abstract

Despite the continuous use of chemical interventions, Aedes-borne diseases remain on the rise. Neonicotinoids are new, safer, and relatively effective pharmacological interventions against mosquitoes. Neonicotinoids interact with the postsynaptic nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) of the insect central nervous system, but the absence of nAChR polymorphism in resistant phenotypes makes their involvement in neonicotinoid resistance uncertain. Thus, an investigation was carried out to understand the role of metabolic detoxification and target site insensitivity in imparting acetamiprid resistance in Aedes aegypti larvae. Studies were conducted on the parent susceptible strain (PS), acetamiprid-larval selected strain for five generations (ACSF-5; 8.83-fold resistance) and 10 generations (ACSF-10; 19.74-fold resistance) of Ae. aegypti. The larval selection raised α-esterase and β-esterase activities by 1.32-fold and 1.34-fold, respectively, in ACSF-10 as compared to PS, while the corresponding glutathione-S-transferase and acetylcholinesterase activity increased by 22.5 and 2%. The ace-1 gene in PS and ACSF-10 showed four mismatches in the 1312—1511 bp region due to mutations in the Y455C codon (tyrosine to cysteine) at the 1367th position (TAC→TGC); I457V codon (isoleucine to valine) at 1372 bp and 1374 bp (ATA→GTG); and R494M codon (arginine to methionine) at 1484 bp (AGG→ATG). The R494M mutation was the novel and dominant type, observed in 70% ACSF-10 population, and has not been reported so far. The studies evidenced the combination of metabolic detoxification and target site mutation in imparting acetamiprid resistance in Ae. aegypti.

One pot chemical co-precipitation preparation of magnetic graphene oxide-deltamethrin nanoformulations for management of Aedes aegypti

“…While many chemical insecticides have been employed to eliminate mosquito life stages and limit reproduction to keep a check on their threshold level, their widespread usage has severely harmed our environment, non-target organisms and even humans. Consequently, they are focusing on developing and testing nanomaterials as transporters of insecticides to formulate an effective and environmentally friendly mosquito management option (Samal et al, 2022). The findings of the present study shows that combining graphene-based nanoparticles with insecticides can result in highly effective insecticidal action, and they could have major implications for the development of graphene-based insecticides and other insecticide applications.…”

Comparative Transcriptomic Analysis of Insecticide-Resistant Aedes aegypti from Puerto Rico Reveals Insecticide-Specific Patterns of Gene Expression

“…Both target site insensitivity and metabolic resistance have been identified as important mechanisms of insecticide resistance in Ae. aegypti, and several previous studies have investigated the specific genes involved in metabolic detoxification of insecticides in this mosquito species [ 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 ]. This study aimed to disentangle the transcriptional basis of resistance to multiple insecticides in Ae.…”