Metabolic cost of motility in planktonic protists: Theoretical considerations on size scaling and swimming speed

Crawford, David W.

doi:10.1007/bf00171966

Cited by 59 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 21 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…As rapid jumps are known to be very expensive metabolically (Gilbert 1994), this suggests that exploiting photosynthesis allows costly predationresistant behaviour. Crawford (1992) noted that many fast swimming ciliates harbour algal endosymbionts or retain plastids. Furthermore, among oligotrich species studied by Buskey et al (1993), the highest swimming speeds corresponded to 2 mixotrophic forms (Laboea strobila and S. conicum).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Planktonic oligotrich ciliates in the NW Mediterranean:growth rates and consumption by copepods

Mt¹,

Dolan²,

Fukai³

1997

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In May 1995 the planktonic cil~ate cornmun~ty of the Llgurlan Sed (NW M e d~t e r~a n e a n ) was dominated by 3 S t~o m b~d l u r n specles a m~xotroph 16 pm in length, d heterotrophic specles 15 pmIn length and a larger (26 pm) heterotrophlc specles Growth rates of these ollgotrlchs dnd the11 consumption by copepods were examined in 3 s h~p b o a r d expenments during the JGOFS-Frdnce DYNAPROC cruise Growth rates were estimated by means of 24 h ~ncubations in seawater samples fi1terc.d through a 64 pm mesh and apparent grorvth or disappearance rates rvere estimated in whole water samples and in ~n c u b a t e d samples with copepods added C l l~a t e community generation t~m e ~a n g e d from 52 to 88 h Copepod predat~on was h~g h e s t on the l a~g e r heterotioph~c clhate and highel on the nano-sized heterotrophic s p e c~e s relati\re to mixotrophic nanocll~ate The net growth rates of the rn~xotroph In predator-free \vater rangrd from 0 2 to 0 4 d ' compared to rates of 0 9 to 1 0 d ' in samples with copepods added Net growth iates of heterotrophlc specles ranged from 0 2 to 0 5 d ' The h~g h e r mixotroph~c growth rates when copepods were present was concomitant w~t h the disdppearance of heterotrophic m~crociliates (2 2 to 9 0 m1 cleared of heterotrophlc microciliates copepod ' h est~mated clearance rates) While w e found that miuotrophs, relative to heterotrophs may be less subject to copepod predation data and models suggests that lnixotroph~c oligotrichs have lower maximal growth rates than similar-sued heterotrophlc species

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Planktonic oligotrich ciliates in the NW Mediterranean:growth rates and consumption by copepods

Mt¹,

Dolan²,

Fukai³

1997

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…quinquecorne, P. subinerme, P. ovatum, P. claudicans, and P. crassipes have almost spherical shapes (ratios = 0.80 to 1.0). The extremely high swimming speed of P. bipes may provide a high encounter rate between this grazer and its prey, particularly at low prey concentrations, but causes great energy loss (Crawford 1992).…”

Section: Swimming Speedmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A high maximum clearance rate of P. bipes with a small volume (184 µm 3 ) may account for this very high maximum volume-specific clearance rate. ) were calculated to be very high (> 40% of total energy cost) (Crawford 1992). Therefore, energy loss due to the high swimming speed of P. bipes might be the cause of low maximum GGE.…”

Section: Ingestion and Clearancementioning

confidence: 99%

Feeding by the heterotrophic dinoflagellate Protoperidinium bipes on the diatom Skeletonema costatum

Jeong¹,

Yoo²,

Kim³

et al. 2004

Aquat. Microb. Ecol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The heterotrophic dinoflagellate Protoperidinium bipes is a predominant heterotrophic dinoflagellate (maximum density = 137 cells ml -1 ) during diatom blooms. To investigate its role as a grazer in the population dynamics of diatoms, we measured growth and ingestion rates of P. bipes when feeding on the common diatom Skeletonema costatum. We also calculated grazing coefficients by combining field data on abundances of P. bipes and co-occurring S. costatum with laboratory data on ingestion rates obtained in the present study. Specific growth rates of P. bipes increased continuously with increasing concentration of S. costatum. The maximum specific growth rate of P. bipes on S. costatum was 1.37 d -1 when data for the growth rate were fitted to a Michaelis-Menten equation. The threshold prey concentration (where net growth = 0) was 111 ng C ml -1 (4270 cells ml ). The results of the present study suggest that P. bipes sometimes has a considerable grazing impact on populations of S. costatum.

show abstract

“…Thus, it would b e unlikely that processes that increase encounter would affect the energy budget of a protozoan. However, when encounter rate becomes limiting, costs of motility can increase more than 100-fold (Fenchel 1987, Crawford 1992. In light of the reduction in protozoan cell size, the food concentration used in this study started to limit encounter rate.…”

Section: Comparison Between Theoretical and Measured Ementioning

confidence: 99%

Paraphysomonas imperforata (Protista, Chrysomonadida) under different turbulence levels:feeding, physiology and energetics

Peters¹,

Choi²,

Gross³

1996

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

lngestion rates of Paraphysornonas imperforata Lucas feedlng on bacteria were studied under a range of turbulence ~ntensities. Turbulence had no effect on per cell ingestion rates of flagellates either upon initial exposure to turbulent conditions or after 12 h under the turbulence treatment. Flagellates increased in numbers and decreased in size at all turbulence intensities as well as in nonturbulence treatments, probably as an adaptation to an environment with lower food concentration than the stock cultures. Flagellates under high turbulence (ca 15 cm2 S-" were significantly smaller and inore abundant after 12 h than in the non-turbulence treatment. Total grazing on the bactenal population is thus implied to be hlgher under high turbulence Flagellate gross growth efficienc~es were not statistically different between the turbulence treatments and their non-turbulent controls. When the responses to turbulence are compared to those for calanoid copepods some similarities can be seen (decrease in size and faster development times).KEY WORDS: Small-scale turbulence . Paraphysomonas in~perforata . lngestion rates . High turbulence Size decrease Growth efficiency INTRODUCTIONSmall-scale turbulence has been shown to affect the physiology a n d feeding rates of small planktonic organisms. Prominent in this field are the studies with calanoid copepods and fish larvae (Rothschild & Osborn 1988, Haury et al. 1990, Sundby & Fossum 1990, MacKenzie & Leggett 1991, Yamazaki et al. 1991, Saiz & Alcaraz 1992a, Saiz et al. 1992. Although much of this information is theoretical or based on correlation, we can start to draw some general conclusions. Contact rates between these organisms and their prey particles are increased under turbulence. Turbulence increases the velocity of particles with a random direction and a 'Present address: Institut de Ciencies del Mar, Passeig Joan de Borbo s/n, E-08039, Barcelona, Catalunya, Spain. E-mail: cesc@icm.csic.es "Present address: 1315 Buena Court, Richland, Washington 99352, USA mean speed that depends on turbulence intensity. Since uncorrelated particle velocity directly affects encounter rates, these are also increased (Rothschild & Osborn 1988). Theoretically, this effect can be seen down to the size scale of the smallest eddies, which is determined by the intensity of the turbulent kinetic energy dissipation rate ( E )

show abstract

Metabolic cost of motility in planktonic protists: Theoretical considerations on size scaling and swimming speed

Cited by 59 publications

References 21 publications

Planktonic oligotrich ciliates in the NW Mediterranean:growth rates and consumption by copepods

Planktonic oligotrich ciliates in the NW Mediterranean:growth rates and consumption by copepods

Feeding by the heterotrophic dinoflagellate Protoperidinium bipes on the diatom Skeletonema costatum

Paraphysomonas imperforata (Protista, Chrysomonadida) under different turbulence levels:feeding, physiology and energetics

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About