Metabolic Aspects of Acute Starvation In Normal Humans: Performance and Cardiovascular Evaluation

Consolazio, C. Frank; Nelson, Richard Alan; Johnson, Herman L.; Matoush, LeRoy O.; Krzywicki, Harry J.; Isaac, Gerhard J.

doi:10.1093/ajcn/20.7.684

Cited by 32 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Despite inducing a robust increase in circulating FGF21 levels with fasting, we demonstrate a decrease in thermogenic fat activity, by both PET imaging and at the level of the thermogenic gene program. The observed downregulation of thermogenic activity is a likely mechanism for conserving energy during starvation, as manifested by the reduction in resting energy expenditure observed in this study and others (39,40). Although these data do not exclude the possibility that FGF21 or its mimetics may promote thermogenesis in other contexts, it does suggest that elevations in circulating FGF21 levels alone are insufficient to activate a thermogenic program.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 58%

FGF21 and the late adaptive response to starvation in humans

Fazeli¹,

Lun²,

Kim³

et al. 2015

Journal of Clinical Investigation

178

152

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 58%

FGF21 and the late adaptive response to starvation in humans

Fazeli¹,

Lun²,

Kim³

et al. 2015

Journal of Clinical Investigation

178

152

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“…Fasts of a few days to several weeks increase plasma total cholesterol, HDL-C and lipoprotein levels in rodents and rabbits [33], [34], [35], [36], [37]. Fasting also increases plasma cholesterol levels in humans [38], [39], [40]. Plasma cholesterol concentration is a function of the balance between processes that affect cholesterol input into and excretion from the body, all of which can be affected by hibernation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cholesterol and Lipoprotein Dynamics in a Hibernating Mammal

et al. 2011

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Hibernating mammals cease feeding during the winter and rely primarily on stored lipids to fuel alternating periods of torpor and arousal. How hibernators manage large fluxes of lipids and sterols over the annual hibernation cycle is poorly understood. The aim of this study was to investigate lipid and cholesterol transport and storage in ground squirrels studied in spring, summer, and several hibernation states. Cholesterol levels in total plasma, HDL and LDL particles were elevated in hibernators compared with spring or summer squirrels. Hibernation increased plasma apolipoprotein A-I expression and HDL particle size. Expression of cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase was 13-fold lower in hibernators than in active season squirrels. Plasma triglycerides were reduced by fasting in spring but not summer squirrels. In hibernators plasma β-hydroxybutyrate was elevated during torpor whereas triglycerides were low relative to normothermic states. We conclude that the switch to a lipid-based metabolism during winter, coupled with reduced capacity to excrete cholesterol creates a closed system in which efficient use of lipoproteins is essential for survival.

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“…1919 ). On the other hand, Consolazio et al . 1967 ) found that 10 days of starvation of six healthy men did affect maximum work performance significantly, but induced a decrement of the specific metabolic rate at submaximal exercise, and attributed this to training effects.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Body composition, resting and running metabolic rates, and net cost of running in rats during starvation

Fuglei

1999

Acta Physiologica Scandinavica

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Resting metabolic rate decreases during starvation. However, effects of starvation on the cost of running are not clear. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of 5 days starvation on body composition, resting metabolic rates, running metabolic rates, and net cost of running in male rats. Five days starvation resulted in reductions of 70% fat, 8% protein and 12% carbohydrates. Mass(-0.75) specific resting metabolic rate was significantly reduced from 3.69 +/- 0.27 to 2.73 +/- 0.17 W kg(-0.75) after 5 days starvation. The reduction in metabolic rate after 5 days starvation was maintained during running, in that running metabolic rate was reduced from 10.65 +/- 0.41 to 8.97 +/- 0.47 W kg(-0.75). The net costs of running were calculated and expressed as the costs of moving 1 kg a distance of 1 m. After 5 days of starvation it was reduced from 31.16 +/- 2.03-29.79 +/- 1.69 J m(-1) kg(-1). The reduction however was not significant. The present results therefore suggest that 5 days starvation resulted in a metabolic depression of the resting metabolic rate that was maintained during running. However, the net cost of running remained unchanged, suggesting that the muscle tissues are not significantly involved in the metabolic changes during starvation.

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Metabolic Aspects of Acute Starvation In Normal Humans: Performance and Cardiovascular Evaluation

Cited by 32 publications

References 3 publications

FGF21 and the late adaptive response to starvation in humans

FGF21 and the late adaptive response to starvation in humans

Cholesterol and Lipoprotein Dynamics in a Hibernating Mammal

Body composition, resting and running metabolic rates, and net cost of running in rats during starvation

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