The lifetime prevalence of kidney stone disease is estimated at 1% to 15% with the probability of having a stone varying according to age, gender, race and geographic location. 1 Kidney stone formation is three times more common in men and although rare before 20 years of age, the frequency increased rapidly and peaks in the age group 40 to 59 years. The mean rate of recurrence of stone is estimated to be up to 30% at 5 years, 50% at 10 years and 80% at 20 years. 2 Once recurrent, the subsequent relapse risk is raised and the interval between recurrences is shortened. The various types of urinary stones are calcium oxalate stones (60%), phosphate stones (30%), uric acid and urate stones (5-10%), cystine stones (1-3%), xanthene/ silicate/ matrix stones. 5 the various risk factors responsible for stone formation are namely: Non-dietary Family history The risk of becoming a stone former is more than 2.5 times greater in patients with a family history of stone disease. 3 Systemic disorders Primary hyperparathyroidism Renal tubular acidosis Crohn's disease Increasing body mass index (BMI)