Metabo groups in response to micronutrient intervention: Pilot study

Abstract

Micronutrients and their metabolites are cofactors in proteins involved in lipid metabolism. The present study was a subproject of the Harmonized Micronutrient Project (ClinTrials.gov # NCT01823744). Twenty participants were randomly selected from 136 children and adolescents that consumed a daily dose of 12 vitamins and 5 minerals supplementation for 6 weeks. The 20 individuals were divided into two pools of 10 individuals, according to their lipid profile at baseline (Pool 1 with lower triglycerides, LDL, and VLDL). The individuals were analyzed at baseline, after 6 weeks of daily supplementation, and after 6 weeks of a washout period in relation to anthropometric, body composition, food intake, lipid profile, micronutrient levels, and iTRAQ proteomic data. Genetic ancestry and its association with vitamin serum levels were also determined. After supplementation, LDL levels decreased while alpha-tocopherol and pantothenic acid levels increased in pool 2; lipid profiles in pool 1 did not change but had higher plasma levels of pantothenic acid, pyridoxal, and pyridoxic acid. In pool 2, expression of some proteins increased, and expression of other ones decreased after intervention, while in pool 1, the same proteins responded inversely or did not change their levels. Plasma alpha-tocopherol and Native American genetic ancestry explained a significant fraction of LDL plasma levels at baseline and in response to the intervention. After intervention, changes in expression of alpha-1 antitrypsin, haptoglobin, Ig alpha-1 chain C region, plasma protease C1 inhibitor, alpha-1-acid glycoprotein 1, fibrinogen alpha, beta, and gamma-chain in individuals in pool 2 may be associated with levels of LDL and vitamin E. Vitamin E and Native American genetic ancestry may also be implicated in changes of vitamin E and LDL levels. The results of this pilot study must be validated in future studies with larger sample size or in in vitro studies. 20 participants were divided into two metabolic groups according only to their lipid profiles: individuals in pool 1 (n = 10) had lower triglycerides, LDL, and VLDL levels, and individuals in pool 2 K E Y W O R D S genetic ancestry, intervention study, lipid profile, metabolomics, proteomics, Vitamin plasma levels

Human Nutrition Research in the Data Era: Results of 11 Reports on the Effects of a Multiple-Micronutrient-Intervention Study

“…Nutritional advice based on metabotyping may be more effective in promoting improvements in dietary habits when compared to advice based on population averages [ 80 ]. Two metabotypes were identified in our study based on (a) lipid profiles to characterize different responses after daily supplementation of vitamins and minerals [ 81 ] and (b) based on vitamin levels to better characterize metabolic groups in individuals with a greater need for nutritional counseling [ 82 ].…”

“…Twenty randomly selected participants were divided into two metabolic groups according to their lipid profiles ([ 81 ] and Table 7 ). Even though there were no differences in demographic variables between groups, micronutrient supplementation differentially improved plasma vitamin levels: pantothenic acid (vitamin B5), pyridoxal (a form of vitamin B6), and pyridoxic acid (a catabolic product of vitamin B6) plasma levels increased in pool 1 (better lipid profile compared to pool 2), but α-tocopherol and pantothenic acid improved in pool 2.…”

“…The limitations of the studies were (i) the small sample size with a context specific to urban, middle-class culture in Brazil and a unique genetic admixture, which makes it difficult to extrapolate the results to the entire population of children and adolescents; (ii) an absence of important indicators of metabolites’ status, such as levels of methylmalonic acid and holotranscobalamin for vitamin B12 (the fraction available for tissue uptake); (iii) the use of pooling samples in one of the proteomic studies (Lipid Profile Metabo Group study [ 81 ]), which eliminated the possibility of analyzing samples individually or testing the association of vitamin levels, proteomic data, and ancestry; and (iv) the batch effect in the comet assay and the proteomic analyses in year 2, which precluded replication for those data sets.…”

Identifying and Analyzing Topic Clusters in a Nutri-, Food-, and Diet-Proteomic Corpus Using Machine Reading

“…A second study explained levels of serum LTAH4 with plasma levels of cobalamin, riboflavin, pyridoxal, and homocysteine [ 51 ]. The third study identified 20 differentially expressed proteins (with iTRAQ technology) between 10 individuals with lower triglycerides, LDL, and VLDL compared to 10 individuals with higher lipid profiles [ 52 ]. Although these reports described analysis of nutritional biomarkers in serum (lipid profile, vitamin levels, and hundreds of other metabolites [ 6 ]), none of these papers appeared in the nutrition-proteomic corpus because they did not include the terms “nutrition” or “nutritional” (or corresponding MESH term) in the abstract and publication.…”

Contribution of genetic ancestry and polygenic risk score in meeting vitamin B12 needs in healthy Brazilian children and adolescents

“…More extensive omics measurements 4 , 15 , 16 and systems biology approaches 11 may provide a pathway to map the interactions between genotype, environmental factors, nutritional intakes and more exhaustive physiological analyses in different ethnic populations 4 , 12 , 17 – 20 . We tested the influence of genetic ancestry on baseline vitamin levels and found negative association between Native American (AMR) ancestry and vitamin B12 levels 17 .…”