Meta-reasoning: A Survey

Costantini, Stefania

doi:10.1007/3-540-45632-5_11

Cited by 31 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…The first objection can be described as machines that programs themselves: there are many techniques of reflect, introspect, shift from the object-level reasoning to meta-reasoning and vice versa-for a survey, see Costantini (2002). A program that modifies its (or other's) program-script is doing programming, therefore a robot or artificial agent (in the sense previously defined, see Table 2) are programmers even if they lack some level of consciousness (see Table 2).…”

Section: Objections and Counter-objectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Why zombies cannot write significant source code: The Knowledge Game and the art of computer programming

Gobbo

Benini

2014

Journal of Experimental & Theoretical Artificial Intelligen

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Why zombies cannot write significant source code: The Knowledge Game and the art of computer programming Gobbo, F.; Benini, M. General rightsIt is not permitted to download or to forward/distribute the text or part of it without the consent of the author(s) and/or copyright holder(s), other than for strictly personal, individual use, unless the work is under an open content license (like Creative Commons). Disclaimer/Complaints regulationsIf you believe that digital publication of certain material infringes any of your rights or (privacy) interests, please let the Library know, stating your reasons. In case of a legitimate complaint, the Library will make the material inaccessible and/or remove it from the website. Please Ask the Library: http://uba.uva.nl/en/contact, or a letter to: Library of the University of Amsterdam, Secretariat, Singel 425, 1012 WP Amsterdam, The Netherlands. You will be contacted as soon as possible. Download date: 10 May 2018This is a preprint of a paper accepted for publication in: Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advanage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or fee.It is a publisher's requirement to display the following notice:The documents distributed by this server have been provided by the contributing authors as a means to ensure timely dissemination of scholarly and technical work on a noncommercial basis. Copyright and all rights therein are maintained by the authors or by other copyright holders, notwithstanding taht they have offered theri works here electronically.It is understood that all persons copying this information will adhere to the terms and constraints invoked by each author's copyright. These works may not reposted without explicit permission of the copyright holder.Why zombies can't write significant source code The Knowledge Game and the Art of Computer ProgrammingAbstract This paper analyses the knowledge needed to understand a computer program within the Philosophy of Information. L. Floridi's method of Levels of Abstraction is applied to the relation between an ideal programmer and a modern computer seen together as an informational organism. The results obtained by the mental experiment known as the Knowledge Game are applied to this relation, so to explain what a programmer should know in order to program a modern computer. In particular, this analysis will clearly show why non-conscious agents have no hopes to write significant programs. Two main objections are then presented and attacked by correspondent counterobjections.

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Section: Objections and Counter-objectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Why zombies cannot write significant source code: The Knowledge Game and the art of computer programming

Gobbo

Benini

2014

Journal of Experimental & Theoretical Artificial Intelligen

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“…Meta-level reasoning (reasoning about reasoning) has a venerable history in artificial intelligence, and logical approaches to meta-level reasoning have been widely studied, with a range of approaches developed and evaluated (see [8, pp.239-262] and [16,5] for reviews). For our purposes, the most suitable formalism to adopt is a first-order metalogic [8,Chapter 10].…”

Section: The Formal Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the meta-logic of arguments

Wooldridge

McBurney

Parsons

2005

Proceedings of the Fourth International Joint Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems

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Argumentation has received steadily increasing attention in the multi-agent systems community over the past decade, with particular interest in the use of argument models from the informal logic community. The formalisation of such argument systems is a necessary step if they are to be successfully deployed, and their properties rigorously understood. However, there is as yet no widely accepted approach to the formalisation of argument systems. In this paper, we take as our starting point the view that arguments and dialogues are inherently meta-logical, and that any proper formalisation of argument must embrace this aspect of their nature. For example, a statement that serves as a justification of an argument is is statement about an argument: the argument for which the justification serves must itself be referred to in the justification. From this starting position, we develop a formalisation of arguments using a hierarchical first-order meta-logic, in which statements in successively higher tiers of the argumentation hierarchy refer to statements further down the hierarchy. This enables us to give a clean formal separation between object-level statements, arguments made about these object level statements, and statements about arguments.

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“…This program is written using Lisp language [16]. The second PPS, PPS1, is a meta-reasoning in logic programming [2][3], also called Reflective Prolog.…”

Section: A Second Example Of Granule-oriented Programmingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Granule-oriented programming

Zhao

2004

SIGPLAN Not.

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A program will become obsolete or lower effectiveness in solving domain problems due to many reasons. One main reason is because the program becomes unfitting to its context, which is defined as a sum of functionalities of all what support the program solving the domain problems, for instance, a runtime environment, meta-strategies in the domain, etc. This unfitting phenomenon exists in many complex systems, causing them premature end of their life cycle or a decrease in performance or accuracy in solving problems. In existing programming systems we pay little attention to unfitness of a program to its context, in language expressivity. Granule-oriented programming is an evolvement metaphor in which programs are "ground" into code ingredients in order to localize unfitting parts of a program as explicitly as possible, and then "compound" them into granular output code in which the code granulation space is formed. Code granulation space is an expression of a program in multiple-abstraction framework. The goal of building code granulation space for a program is to localize unfitness in a well-formed and multi-layered framework. In this paper, we propose and briefly describe the notion of granule-oriented programming.

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Meta-reasoning: A Survey

Cited by 31 publications

References 39 publications

Why zombies cannot write significant source code: The Knowledge Game and the art of computer programming

Why zombies cannot write significant source code: The Knowledge Game and the art of computer programming

On the meta-logic of arguments

Granule-oriented programming

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