Meta-Analysis of the Composition of Human Intestinal Gases

Modesto, Andre E; Cameron, Nelle‐Rose; Varghese, Chris; Peters, N.; Stokes, Bruce; Phillips, Anthony; Bissett, Ian; O’Grady, Greg

doi:10.1007/s10620-021-07254-1

Cited by 12 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…The volume of hydrogen detected was very low or even undetectable in some of the samples. This disagrees with the results of Suarez et al [ 18 ] that reported significantly higher concentrations of hydrogen and significantly lower concentrations of methane, but it is in better agreement with the review of Modesto et al [ 16 ]. Considering the large population variability, the different diets, and the reduced number of participants in the reported studies, these differences are not a major concern.…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 58%

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Quantitative GC–TCD Measurements of Major Flatus Components: A Preliminary Analysis of the Diet Effect

Freire

Mego

Oliveira

et al. 2022

Sensors

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The impact of diet and digestive disorders in flatus composition remains largely unexplored. This is partially due to the lack of standardized sampling collection methods, and the easy atmospheric contamination. This paper describes a method to quantitatively determine the major gases in flatus and their application in a nutritional intervention. We describe how to direct sample flatus into Tedlar bags, and simultaneous analysis by gas chromatography–thermal conductivity detection (GC–TCD). Results are analyzed by univariate hypothesis testing and by multilevel principal component analysis. The reported methodology allows simultaneous determination of the five major gases with root mean measurement errors of 0.8% for oxygen (O2), 0.9% for nitrogen (N2), 0.14% for carbon dioxide (CO2), 0.11% for methane (CH4), and 0.26% for hydrogen (H2). The atmospheric contamination was limited to 0.86 (95% CI: [0.7–1.0])% for oxygen and 3.4 (95% CI: [1.4–5.3])% for nitrogen. As an illustration, the method has been successfully applied to measure the response to a nutritional intervention in a reduced crossover study in healthy subjects.

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Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 58%

“…Under normal conditions, the major intestinal gases are nitrogen (N 2 ), oxygen (O 2 ), hydrogen (H 2 ), carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), and methane (CH 4 ). While no large population studies have been found, their expected range of variability can be found in Table 1 [ 16 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative GC–TCD Measurements of Major Flatus Components: A Preliminary Analysis of the Diet Effect

Freire

Mego

Oliveira

et al. 2022

Sensors

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“…In addition to this, POS treatment significantly increased the functional group of nitrogen fixation, which decreased nitrogen production in the intestine and reduced the possibility of flatulence. 61 Spearman analysis further revealed that changes in the gut microbiota were closely related to the intestinal epithelial barrier, inflammatory parameters and associated changes in Treg/Th17 cells (Fig. 7A).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Preventive effect of pectic oligosaccharides on acute colitis model mice: modulating epithelial barrier, gut microbiota and Treg/Th17 balance

et al. 2022

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“…An important difference lies in the production of gaseous products. Intestinal gases of humans [ 12 ] have a lower percentage of CO 2 and CH 4 and a greater percentage of H 2 than gases found in the rumen. CH 4 emission is universal in rumen fermentation, whereas the proportion of humans identified as CH 4 emitters varies [ 13 , 14 ], with 20% of Western populations identified as high emitters [ 15 ].…”

Section: Differences Between the Two Gut Environmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most methanogens require H 2 or formate for growth whereas homoacetogens are metabolically versatile and can also utilise a wide range of organic substrates. The dominance of one pathway over another appears to vary among individuals and to be inherited; there are individuals in which most of the H 2 generated is converted to CH 4 and in others H 2 can accumulate to high concentrations [ 12 ]. Spatial and temporal variations in the chemical composition of the digesta in the human colon could result in specific microhabitats that support different H 2 and/or formate metabolizing microbes.…”

Section: Hydrogen and Formate Metabolism In The Human Colonmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogen and formate production and utilisation in the rumen and the human colon

et al. 2022

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Molecular hydrogen (H2) and formate (HCOO−) are metabolic end products of many primary fermenters in the mammalian gut. Both play a vital role in fermentation where they are electron sinks for individual microbes in an anaerobic environment that lacks external electron acceptors. If H2 and/or formate accumulate within the gut ecosystem, the ability of primary fermenters to regenerate electron carriers may be inhibited and microbial metabolism and growth disrupted. Consequently, H2- and/or formate-consuming microbes such as methanogens and homoacetogens play a key role in maintaining the metabolic efficiency of primary fermenters. There is increasing interest in identifying approaches to manipulate mammalian gut environments for the benefit of the host and the environment. As H2 and formate are important mediators of interspecies interactions, an understanding of their production and utilisation could be a significant entry point for the development of successful interventions. Ruminant methane mitigation approaches are discussed as a model to help understand the fate of H2 and formate in gut systems.

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Meta-Analysis of the Composition of Human Intestinal Gases

Cited by 12 publications

References 35 publications

Quantitative GC–TCD Measurements of Major Flatus Components: A Preliminary Analysis of the Diet Effect

Quantitative GC–TCD Measurements of Major Flatus Components: A Preliminary Analysis of the Diet Effect

Preventive effect of pectic oligosaccharides on acute colitis model mice: modulating epithelial barrier, gut microbiota and Treg/Th17 balance

Hydrogen and formate production and utilisation in the rumen and the human colon

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