Meta-analysis of rat lung tumors from lifetime inhalation of diesel exhaust.

Valberg, Peter A.; Crouch, Edmund A. C.

doi:10.1289/ehp.99107693

Cited by 31 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 35 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Epidemiological data on workers exposed to such intensity levels of DE exposure are missing. It is known from animal studies that the lung cancer risk in rats can be described by a threshold model (Valberg & Crouch 1999). Following these calculations, the threshold can be expected between 160 and 600 lg/m 3 average continuous lifetime exposure.…”

Section: Recommendations For Further Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

A critical review of the relationship between occupational exposure to diesel emissions and lung cancer risk

Möhner

Wendt

2017

Critical Reviews in Toxicology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In 2012, a working group of the International Agency for Research on Cancer classified diesel exhaust (DE) as a human carcinogen (Group 1). This decision was primarily based on the findings of the Diesel Exhaust in Miners Study (DEMS). The disparity between the results of various methodological approaches applied to the DEMS led to several critical commentaries. An expert panel was subsequently set up by the Health Effects Institute to evaluate the DEMS results, together with a large study in the trucking industry. The panel concluded that both studies provided a useful basis for quantitative risk assessments (QRAs) of DE exposure. However, the results of both studies were non-definitive as the studies suffer from several methodological shortcomings. We conducted a critical review of the studies used by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) working group to evaluate the relationship between DE and lung cancer. The aim was to assess whether the available studies support the statement of a causal relationship and, secondarily if they could be used for QRA. Our review highlights several methodological flaws in the studies, amongst them overadjustment bias, selection bias, and confounding bias. The conclusion from our review is that the currently published studies provide little evidence for a definite causal link between DE exposure and lung cancer risk. Based on two studies in miners, the DEMS and the German Potash Miners study, QRA may be conducted. However, the DEMS data should be reanalyzed in advance to avoid bias that affects the presently published risk estimates.

show abstract

Section: Recommendations For Further Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

A critical review of the relationship between occupational exposure to diesel emissions and lung cancer risk

Möhner

Wendt

2017

Critical Reviews in Toxicology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Interestingly, some of these compounds induce skin irritation or sensitization (e.g., dimethylbenz[a]anthracene, 4,4´-methylenedianiline, and TCDD). Relevant to this relationship are the associations of DEPs with augmented sensitization and airway responsiveness (32,34-40) and possibly lung tumors, noted only in rats (322)(323)(324)(325)(326)(327)(328)(329)(330)(331)(332). In addition, toluene diamine is a metabolite of toluene diisocyanate (307), a potent asthmagen, and thereby links, in principal, reactive intermediates of carcinogens with asthma.…”

Section: Evaluating Human Exposure and Its Relationship To Asthmamentioning

confidence: 99%

Hazardous air pollutants and asthma.

Leikauf

2002

Environ Health Perspect

188

131

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Additionally, animal studies have shown that prolonged exposure of rats to high concentrations of diesel PM (>1 mg/m 3 ) initiated a dose-dependent progression of cellular changes that eventually led toward the development of benign and malicious lung tumours (Valberg and Crouch 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aerodynamic and Mobility Size Distribution Measurements to Reveal Biodiesel Effects on Diesel Exhaust Aerosol

Tzamkiozis

Ntziachristos

Mamakos

et al. 2011

Aerosol Science and Technology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This article examines the effect of biodiesel blends on the exhaust aerosol from a Euro 3 passenger car. Five different feedstock oils (soybean, palm, sunflower, rapeseed, and used frying oil) were used to produce fuels with 10% vol. content in biodiesel (B10). Use of the B10 blends led to a systematic reduction of PM mass emissions in the range of ∼9% (rapeseed) to 23% (used frying oil) on average. The combination of particle size distributions based on the aerodynamic and the mobility diameters led to the estimation of the fractal dimension (DF) for non-volatile particles. This was found to range from 2.52 for the baseline (fossil) fuel to 2.62 for the palm oil blend, suggesting that biodiesel can affect the particle morphology, even at this low blending ratio. The differences were statistically significant. The increase of the DF is translated to more compact particle structure, which in turn denotes lower specific surface area. The volatile fraction of PM lies within a range of 1-9% when fossil diesel fuel is employed. Use of palm, sunflower and rapeseed B10 blends results to PM that contain up to 28% volatile particulate mass. The higher emissions of volatile components together with the lower specific area of non-volatile particles, promotes the formation of volatile particles, especially at high speed conditions. This increases the total particle population under motorway driving by up to three times over the baseline levels.

show abstract

Meta-analysis of rat lung tumors from lifetime inhalation of diesel exhaust.

Cited by 31 publications

References 35 publications

A critical review of the relationship between occupational exposure to diesel emissions and lung cancer risk

A critical review of the relationship between occupational exposure to diesel emissions and lung cancer risk

Hazardous air pollutants and asthma.

Aerodynamic and Mobility Size Distribution Measurements to Reveal Biodiesel Effects on Diesel Exhaust Aerosol

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About