Meta-analysis of feed intake and growth responses of growing pigs after a sanitary challenge

Pastorelli, Hélène; Milgen, Jaap van; Lovatto, Paulo Alberto; Montagné, Lucile

doi:10.1017/s175173111100228x

Cited by 99 publications

(90 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The reduction in ADFI and ADG in poor sanitary conditions observed in this experiment agreed with conclusions from a recent meta-analysis (24% in ADFI and 210% in ADG, n 5 13 studies; Pastorelli et al, 2012). The higher faecal scores and the trend in phase II for a higher plasma concentration of haptoglobin in poor sanitary conditions indicated that the degradation of sanitary conditions may have affected the health of pigs.…”

Section: Responses Of Pigs To the Degradation Of Sanitary Conditionssupporting

confidence: 91%

Sanitary housing conditions modify the performance and behavioural response of weaned pigs to feed- and housing-related stressors

Pastorelli

Floc'H

Merlot

et al. 2012

Animal

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Pigs are confronted with changes in farming practices that may affect performance and animal well-being. The sanitary conditions of the farm can have an impact on the ability of pigs to adapt to these changes. This study aimed to analyse how weaned pigs respond to common farming practices of changes in diet and housing in terms of performance, health and behaviour, and how these responses are affected by the sanitary housing conditions, qualified here as good or poor. At weaning at 4 weeks of age, 20 piglets were assigned to 10 blocks of two littermates and each pig within a litter was randomly assigned to one of two sanitary conditions. Pigs were housed individually and received a starter diet. A diet change occurred on day 12 post weaning (starter to weaner diets) and pigs were transferred to the grower unit on day 33 post weaning and continued to receive the weaner diet. From 43 days post weaning, pigs were offered a grower diet and were vaccinated against swine influenza on day 47 and 61 post weaning. On the basis of this design, three post-weaning phases were identified: phase I from day 1 to 11 (post weaning), phase II from day 12 to 32 (after the diet change) and phase III from day 33 to 42 (after the housing change). Individual BW was measured every 3 days, and feed refusals and faecal scores were recorded on a daily basis. Behavioural observations were performed during 28 days by using the instantaneous scan sampling method. Individual blood samples were collected at the end of each phase to analyse the plasma concentration of haptoglobin and on day 68 post weaning to analyse the anti-influenza immunoglobulins G (IgG). Poor sanitary conditions resulted in a decrease in daily gain, feed intake and gain to feed ratio of, respectively, 11%, 5% and 7% (P< 0.05). Pigs in poor sanitary conditions had higher faecal scores (P< 0.05), tended to have higher plasma haptoglobin concentration in phase II (P= 0.06) and had a higher anti-influenza IgG titre (P= 0.11). The diet change affected performance and behavioural responses of pigs in poor but not in good sanitary conditions. Housing change resulted in a 30% decrease in growth and an increase in behaviour oriented towards exploration and excitement. The results of this study show an effect of sanitary conditions on the responses of pigs to a diet change, whereas those to a housing change were little affected by the sanitary conditions.

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Section: Responses Of Pigs To the Degradation Of Sanitary Conditionssupporting

confidence: 91%

Sanitary housing conditions modify the performance and behavioural response of weaned pigs to feed- and housing-related stressors

Pastorelli

Floc'H

Merlot

et al. 2012

Animal

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“…In the aforementioned study of Pastorelli et al (2012), a reduction was observed in growth rate of about 16% for digestive bacterial infections, 10% for poor hygiene housing conditions, 12% for LPS challenges, 30% for mycotoxicoses, 8% for parasitic infections, and 16% for respiratory diseases. These authors also evidenced that growth depression in response to LPS challenges, mycotoxicoses, and respiratory diseases most likely results from the reduction in feed intake, whereas for digestive bacterial infections, poor housing conditions, and parasitic infections, it results mainly from increased maintenance requirements, changes in intestinal function, and changes in digestion and metabolism of nutrients.…”

Section: Voluntary Feed Intake and Growth Performancementioning

confidence: 94%

“…Pigs reared in commercial conditions are often exposed to sanitary challenges (poor hygiene conditions and pathogens) (Pastorelli et al, 2012). As a consequence, the immune system interacts with physiological regulatory mechanisms to maintain animal homeostasis and body integrity.…”

Section: Pig Responses To Sanitary Challengesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The effects of different sanitary challenges on feed intake and growth in young pigs were analyzed and summarized by Pastorelli et al (2012). These authors reported a reduction in feed intake of about 8% for digestive bacterial infections, 4% for poor hygiene housing conditions, 10% for lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenges, 23% for mycotoxicoses, 3% for parasitic infections, and 16% for respiratory diseases.…”

Section: Voluntary Feed Intake and Growth Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

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Physiological responses of growing pigs to high ambient temperature and/or inflammatory challenges

et al. 2017

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-Global warming is one of the major environmental threats facing the world in the 21st century. This fact will have a significant impact on pig production due to its direct effects on welfare, health, and performance of pigs. Besides, the effects of high temperatures will presumably become more important over the next decades due to the development of pig production in developing countries mainly located in tropical and subtropical areas, where animals are often exposed to ambient temperatures above their thermal comfort zone. Furthermore, pigs reared in tropical areas are often confronted to sanitary challenges including poor hygiene conditions, lack of respect for sanitary rules, and pathogens. This results in the stimulation of the immune system and, as a consequence, in the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and neuroendocrine adjustments that, in turn, usually have a negative impact on growth and feed efficiency. Although the effects of high ambient temperature and disease on pig physiology and performance have been well documented in literature, little is known about the associated effects of both factors. This understanding may contribute to a better quantification and comprehension of the physiological and metabolic disturbances occurring in practical conditions of pig production in tropical areas and, more generally, in many other geographic areas that will be influenced by the perspective of global warming. Therefore, the objective of this work is to provide an overview of recent research advances on the physiological responses of growing pigs during acclimation to high ambient temperature and on the potential effects of high ambient temperature on the ability of growing pigs to resist, cope with, or recover from an inflammatory challenge.

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“…The partition between these two effects was calculated using (1) the adjusted ΔG mean (obtained from previously fitted equations) and (2) the ΔFI mean observed in the database. A similar interpretation has been used in previous studies on health challenges (Pastorelli et al, 2012;Remus et al, 2014).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 84%

Meta-analysis of individual and combined effects of mycotoxins on growing pigs

Andretta

Kipper

Hauschild

et al. 2016

Sci. agric. (Piracicaba, Braz.)

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Little is known about the toxicity of concomitantly occurring mycotoxins in pig diets.This study was conducted to evaluate, through meta-analysis, the individual and the combined effects of mycotoxins on pig performance. The meta-analysis followed three sequential analyses (graphical, correlation, and variance-covariance) based on a database composed of 85 published papers, 1,012 treatments and 13,196 animals. Contamination of diets with individual mycotoxins reduced (p < 0.05) feed intake by 14 % and weight gain by 17 %, while combined mycotoxins reduced the same responses by 42 % and 45 %, respectively, in comparison with the non-challenged group. The correlation (p < 0.05) between reduction in weight gain (ΔG) and reduction in feed intake (ΔFI) was 0.67 in individual challenges and 0.93 in combined challenges.The estimated ΔG was -6 % in individual challenges and -7 % in combined challenges when ΔFI was zero, suggesting an increase in the maintenance requirements of challenged animals. Most of ΔG (58 % in individual challenges and 84 % in combined challenges) was attributed to the changes in feed efficiency. The association of mycotoxins enhances individual toxic effects and the ΔFI is important in explaining the deleterious effects on the growth of challenged pigs.

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Meta-analysis of feed intake and growth responses of growing pigs after a sanitary challenge

Cited by 99 publications

References 26 publications

Sanitary housing conditions modify the performance and behavioural response of weaned pigs to feed- and housing-related stressors

Sanitary housing conditions modify the performance and behavioural response of weaned pigs to feed- and housing-related stressors

Physiological responses of growing pigs to high ambient temperature and/or inflammatory challenges

Meta-analysis of individual and combined effects of mycotoxins on growing pigs

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