Mesoprosopon triasinum from the Triassic of Austria revisited: The oldest eumalacostracan larva known to date and its significance for interpreting fossil cycloids

Hyžný, Matúš; Haug, Carolin; Haug, Joachim T.

doi:10.1016/j.gr.2016.05.010

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Erichthus-type larvae have also been described from the Jurassic lithographic limestones from Germany with up to 18 mm (Haug et al, 2008;2015b). Notably, giant fossil larvae from the Triassic Hallstatt limestone from Austria with shield lengths of 13 mm show certain characters of the mantis shrimp larvae, and also similarities to the false sand crab larvae (Hyžný et al, 2016).…”

Section: Giant Larvae In Crustaceansmentioning

confidence: 99%

A possible 150 million years old cirripede crustacean nauplius and the phenomenon of giant larvae

Nagler

Høeg

Haug

et al. 2017

CTOZ

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The larval phase of metazoans can be interpreted as a discrete post-embryonic period. Larvae have been usually considered to be small, yet some metazoans possess unusually large larvae, or giant larvae. Here, we report a possible case of such a giant larva from the Upper Jurassic Solnhofen Lithographic limestones (150 million years old, southern Germany), most likely representing an immature cirripede crustacean (barnacles and their relatives). The single specimen was documented with up-to-date imaging methods (macro-photography, stereo-photography, fluorescence photography, composite imaging) and compared with modern cirripede larvae. The identification is based on two conspicuous spine-like extensions in the anterior region of the specimen strongly resembling the so-called fronto-lateral horns, structures exclusively known from cirripede nauplius larvae. Notably, at 5 mm in length the specimen is unusually large for a cirripede nauplius. We therefore consider it to be a giant larva and discuss possible ecological and physiological mechanisms leading to the appearance of giant larvae in other lineages. Further findings of fossil larvae and especially nauplii might give new insights into larval evolution and plankton composition in the past.

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Section: Giant Larvae In Crustaceansmentioning

confidence: 99%

A possible 150 million years old cirripede crustacean nauplius and the phenomenon of giant larvae

Nagler

Høeg

Haug

et al. 2017

CTOZ

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“…They are limited to only few instances ( Palmer, 1960 ; Cressey & Patterson, 1973 ; Cressey & Boxshall, 1989 ; Bennike, 1998 ; Huys et al, 2016 ), often only very incomplete ( Selden et al, 2010 ) or indirect findings ( Radwańska & Radwański, 2005 ; Radwańska & Poirot, 2010 ). Malacostracan larvae are also rare in the fossil record, but new forms have been repetitively identified in recent years (e.g., Haug, Haug & Ehrlich, 2008 ; Haug et al, 2011a ; Haug, Ahyong & Haug, 2014 ; Haug, Martin & Haug, 2015 ; Haug, Wiethase & Haug, 2015 ; Haug et al, 2015 ; Hyžný, Haug & Haug, 2016 ) and are currently limited to the Mesozoic. Despite their rarity, each of these finds marks another important data point for our understanding of plankton in the past.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new glimpse on Mesozoic zooplankton—150 million-year-old lobster larvae

Haug

2017

PeerJ

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Larvae of malacostracan crustaceans represent a large fraction of modern day zooplankton. Plankton is not only a major part of the modern marine ecosystem, but must have played an important role in the ecosystems of the past as well. Unfortunately, our knowledge about plankton composition of the past is still quite limited. As an important part of today’s zooplankton, malacostracan larvae are still a rarity in the fossil record; many types of malacostracan larvae dominating the modern plankton have so far not been found as fossils. Here we report a new type of fossil malacostracan larva, found in the 150 million years old lithographic limestones of southern Germany (Solnhofen Lithographic Limestones). The three rather incomplete specimens mainly preserve the telson. A pronounced middle spine on the posterior edge of these specimens indicates that they are either larval forms of a clawed lobster or of an axiidean lobster, or of a closer relative to one of the two groups. The tergo-pleura are drawn out into distinct spines in one specimen, further supporting the interpretation as a larva of a clawed lobster or an early relative. The telson morphology also shows adaptations to a prolonged planktic life style, the latero-posterior edges are drawn out into distinct spines. Similar adaptations are known in larvae of the modern homarid lobster Nephrops norvegicus, not necessarily indicating a closer relationship, but convergent life styles. The new finds provide an important new insight into the composition of Mesozoic zooplankton and demonstrate the preservation potential of lithographic limestones.

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“…Malacostracan larvae are also rare in the fossil record, but new forms have have been repetitively identified in recent years (e.g. Haug et al 2008Haug et al , 2011aHaug et al , 2014Haug et al , 2015aHyžný et al 2016) and are currently limited to the Mesozoic. Despite their rarity, each of these finds marks another important data point for our understanding of plankton in the past.…”

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confidence: 99%

Peer Review #3 of "A new glimpse on Mesozoic zooplankton—150 million-year-old lobster larvae (v0.1)"

Hyzny¹

2017

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Larvae of malacostracan crustaceans represent a large fraction of modern day zooplankton. Plankton is not only a major part of the modern marine ecosystem, but must have played an important role in the ecosystems of the past as well. Unfortunately, our knowledge about plankton composition of the past is still quite limited. As an important part of today's zooplankton, malacostracan larvae are still a rarity in the fossil record; many types of malacostracan larvae dominating the modern plankton have so far not been found as fossils. Here we report a new type of fossil malacostracan larva, found in the 150 million years old lithographic limestones of southern Germany (Solnhofen Lithographic Limestones). The three rather incomplete specimens mainly preserve the telson. A pronounced middle spine on the posterior edge of these specimens indicates that they are either larval forms of a clawed lobster or of an axiidean lobster, or of a closer relative to one of the two groups. The tergo-pleura are drawn out into distinct spines in one specimen, further supporting the interpretation as a larva of a clawed lobster or an early relative. The telson morphology also shows adaptations to a prolonged planktic life style, the latero-posterior edges are drawn out into distinct spines. Similar adaptations are known in larvae of the modern homarid lobster Nephrops norvegicus, not necessarily indicating a closer relationship, but convergent life styles. The new finds provide an important new insight into the composition of Mesozoic zooplankton and demonstrate the preservation potential of lithographic limestones.

show abstract

Mesoprosopon triasinum from the Triassic of Austria revisited: The oldest eumalacostracan larva known to date and its significance for interpreting fossil cycloids

Cited by 10 publications

References 30 publications

A possible 150 million years old cirripede crustacean nauplius and the phenomenon of giant larvae

A possible 150 million years old cirripede crustacean nauplius and the phenomenon of giant larvae

A new glimpse on Mesozoic zooplankton—150 million-year-old lobster larvae

Peer Review #3 of "A new glimpse on Mesozoic zooplankton—150 million-year-old lobster larvae (v0.1)"

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