Structural transformations in Pd/CeO 2 catalysts during their calcination over a wide temperature range (450-1200°C) were studied with structural, spectroscopic, and kinetic methods (XRD, TEM, XPS, and TPR). Two synthetic methods were applied: coprecipitation and incipient wetness impregnation. The impregnation synthesis produced the best low-temperature oxidation of CO (LTO CO) for the catalysts that were calcined at 450-900°C. Their high LTO CO activities could be attributed to the formation of reactive surface clusters at the PdOÀ CeO 2 interface. The coprecipitation synthesis produced a homoge-neous Pd x Ce 1-x O 2-δ solid solution with no Pd nanostructured particles. Decomposition of the solid solution phase occurred at 800-850°C and resulted in the formation of unusual Pd species, i. e., Pd(Ce)O x superstructures and agglomerates consisting of 2 nm PdO particles. Further calcination of the catalysts resulted in the formation of mixed Pd 0 À PdOÀ CeO 2 nanoparticles with a heterophase morphology that provided high thermal stability. These catalysts demonstrated capability for CO oxidation at temperatures below 100°C after calcination at 1200°C.