Mesoporous Polystyrene Monoliths

Zalusky, Andrew S.; Olayo-Valles, Roberto; Taylor, C. James; Hillmyer, Marc A.

doi:10.1021/ja003936g

Cited by 202 publications

(194 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…[8] Block copolymers [9][10] or imprint lithography [11] have also been used to form large arrays of small, cylindrical pores in polymer films. Even though many methods have been developed, the fabrication of porous membranes that have well-defined structures and controlled pore sizes is still a challenge.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication of Freestanding Nanoporous Polyethersulfone Membranes Using Organometallic Polymer Resists Patterned by Nanosphere Lithography

et al. 2009

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Freestanding nanoporous polysulfone membranes are fabricated using nanosphere lithography, in which colloidal silica particles act as a template for the organometallic etch resist, which is composed of poly(ferrocenylsilanes). As shown in the figure, the membranes are robust enough to be removed from the silica wafers where they were produced. They can subsequently be used to separate particles of different sizes.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication of Freestanding Nanoporous Polyethersulfone Membranes Using Organometallic Polymer Resists Patterned by Nanosphere Lithography

et al. 2009

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“…39 Degradable block copolymers and their applications M-S She et al cause degradation of the sacrificial block. 4 4 A 0.5M solution was prepared by dissolving sodium hydroxide in a 40:60 v/v% solution of methanol and water. The hydrolysis was performed by placing a PS-PLA sample in the aqueous methanol solution at 65 1C.…”

Section: Nanoporous Thin-film Templates From Degradable Bcpsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For instance, polylactide-containing BCPs can be used to fabricate nanoporous polymeric materials because of the unstable character of the ester group, which can be hydrolytically decomposed. 4 After hydrolysis of the polylactide segments, a nanoporous thin film with a uniform thickness and domain size can be successfully prepared on different substrates. Consequently, the nanoporous thin films can be used as nanoreactors to fabricate functional nanomaterials for electronic, optical and biomedical applications.…”

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confidence: 99%

Nanostructured thin films of degradable block copolymers and their applications

She

Hsueh

et al. 2013

NPG Asia Mater

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Nanopatterning using self-assembled thin films of degradable block copolymers (BCPs) has attracted considerable attention and inspired a variety of appealing applications in different research areas. To create useful nanopatterns for practical uses, controlling the orientation of the BCP microdomains is essential. The generation of oriented microdomains in BCP thin films will be discussed in this article. This discussion is followed by a review of methods that use polylactide-containing BCP (that is, polystyrene-b-poly(L-lactide) (PS-PLLA)) thin films to generate nanoporous PS after hydrolysis, which can be used for templated synthesis to create functional nanohybrids. The nanoporous PS thin films with well-oriented cylinder nanochannels can be used for pore-filling various ingredients to create specific drug delivery systems and optoelectronic devices. Moreover, by utilizing templated synthesis, nanoporous ceramics with a high-specific surface area and high porosity can be fabricated for optical applications using hydrolyzed gyroid-forming PS-PLLA as a template for the sol-gel reaction. In addition, the nanolithography applications using silicon-containing BCP (that is, polystyrene-b-polydimethylsiloxane) thin films, which can form inorganic nanoporous templates after oxygen plasma treatment, will be discussed in this review. In recent decades, block copolymers (BCPs) have been extensively investigated because of their ability to self-assemble into various ordered nanostructures, such as spheres, cylinders, gyroids and lamellae, owing to the incompatibility of their constituent blocks and the corresponding chemical junction. 1,2 Well-defined nanostructured phases can be tailored by the molecular engineering of synthetic BCPs to obtain promising features for nanotechnological applications. For such nanostructured materials to prove useful in thin-film applications, thin-film samples with oriented periodic arrays over a large area must be formed to generate a uniform thickness and sufficiently thin films with well-ordered BCP microdomains. Nanoporous materials from BCP thin films have been attracted considerable attention owing to their appealing applications in different research areas. The etching techniques used to generate nanoporous materials can be classified as wet and dry processes depending on the etching methods. 3 The wet etching process is a common approach for fabricating nanoporous materials. By utilizing the degradable character of polymer chains, nanoporous polymers can be fabricated using self-assembled nanostructures through the selective degeneration of one of the constituent blocks. For instance, polylactide-containing BCPs can be used to fabricate nanoporous polymeric materials because of the unstable character of the ester group, which can be hydrolytically decomposed. 4 After hydrolysis of the polylactide segments, a nanoporous thin film with a uniform thickness and domain size can be successfully prepared on different substrates. Consequently, the nanoporous thin films can be used as nanor...

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“…38 Additionally, polylactidecontaining BCPs (such as polystyrene-b-poly(D,L-lactide) and polystyrene-b-poly(L-lactide) (PS-PLLA)) are supremely suited for the fabrication of nanoporous polymer materials because of the unstable characteristic of the ester group, which can be easily decomposed in a basic aqueous solution. [39][40][41] Among all of the nanostructures resulting from BCP self-assembly, the gyroid is one of the most appealing morphologies for practical applications because of its unique nanostructure, comprising a matrix and two continuous but independent networks in 3D space. [42][43][44] After selective degeneration of one of the constituted blocks, the gyroid nanostructure can be exploited to fully create interconnected nanochannels.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanoporous gyroid platinum with high catalytic activity from block copolymer templates via electroless plating

et al. 2015

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Nanoporous platinum (Pt) with a gyroid nanostructure was fabricated using a nanoporous polymer with gyroid nanochannels as a template. The nanoporous polymer template was obtained from the self-assembly of the degradable block copolymer, polystyrene-b-poly(L-lactide) (PS-PLLA), followed by the hydrolysis of the PLLA blocks. Templated electroless plating can be conducted under ambient conditions to create a precisely controlled Pt gyroid nanostructure with high crystallinity in a PS matrix. After removal of the PS matrix, the well-interconnected nanoporous gyroid Pt can be successfully fabricated. Compared with commercially available catalysts, the nanoporous Pt possesses superior macroscopic stability and peak specific activity, benefiting from the well-defined network structure with robust texture and the growth of the low-index crystalline facets of Pt.

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Mesoporous Polystyrene Monoliths

Cited by 202 publications

References 25 publications

Fabrication of Freestanding Nanoporous Polyethersulfone Membranes Using Organometallic Polymer Resists Patterned by Nanosphere Lithography

Fabrication of Freestanding Nanoporous Polyethersulfone Membranes Using Organometallic Polymer Resists Patterned by Nanosphere Lithography

Nanostructured thin films of degradable block copolymers and their applications

Nanoporous gyroid platinum with high catalytic activity from block copolymer templates via electroless plating

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