Mesoporous-Carbon-Based Fully-Printable All-Inorganic Monoclinic CsPbBr₃ Perovskite Solar Cells with Ultrastability under High Temperature and High Humidity

Abstract

The all-inorganic CsPb­(I x Br1–x )3 (0 ≤ x ≤ 1) perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are attractive by virtue of their high environmental and thermal stability. Nevertheless, multiple-step deposition and high annealing temperature (>250 °C) and the structural and optoelectronic properties changes upon temperature-dependent phase-transition are potential impediments for highly efficient and stable PSCs. Herein, a space-confined method to fabricate stable lower-order symmetric pure monoclinic CsPbBr3 phase at low temperature (<50 °C) is for the first time reported. It is found that the carbon-based mesoporous fully printable area can inhibit the phase transition to get a pure phase. Therefore, the device exhibits a power conversion efficiency of 7.52% with a low hysteresis index of 0.024. Moreover, the device passed the 1000 h 85 °C thermal test and the 200 cycles thermal cycling test according to IEC-61625 stability tests. These are critical progresses for achieving long-term stability and the stable pure inorganic perovskite phase of high-performance photovoltaics.

Development of formamidinium lead iodide-based perovskite solar cells: efficiency and stability

“…Han et al innovatively presents that the triple-layer mesoporous structure may provide the nano-confine effect to stabilize pure MA perovskites, Cs/FA perovskites and inorganic pure Cs-based perovskites. 5,116,117 We think that these confined nano structures may also help the stabilization of pure FA-based perovskites.…”

Effect of Side-Group-Regulated Dipolar Passivating Molecules on CsPbBr3 Perovskite Solar Cells

“…Both devices with and without surface treatment still maintain >90% of the initial efficiencies after 60 days storage, demonstrating a superior crystal phase stability compared to hybrid species. 35,36 After persistent light irradiation over 80 000 s (∼22 h) under T = 25 °C and RH = 50%, as shown in Figure 4b, the optimal device shows nearly unchanged performance, while over 30% efficiency loss is observed for control device. Based on the above-mentioned conclusion, the reduced defect density on the CsPbBr 3 surface is responsible for the improved stability.…”

Carbon-based electrodes for perovskite solar cells

“…For HTL-free meso PSCs, the perovskite layer could not only be used as light absorbing layer, but also played the role of hole transport, which made the use of hole transport materials redundant and simplified the preparation process of the device. [115][116][117][118][119][120] The meso C-PSCs exploited by Ku et al was the most representative, 25 which had a schematic of a typical HTL-free meso C-PSCs, as shown in Fig. 7 (at least a few microns thick) were composed of carbon black and graphite in a certain proportion.…”