Mesoporous active carbon dispersed with ultra-fine platinum nanoparticles and their electrochemical properties

Hwang, Jyun‐Hwei; Chatterjee, Abhijit; Shen, Chung‐Hua; Wang, J.H.; Sun, Chia‐Liang; Chyan, Oliver; Chen, C.W.; Chen, K.H.; Chen, Li-Chiou

doi:10.1016/j.diamond.2008.10.014

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Accordingly, the PAH profiles of anode (A) and cathode (C) emission gases when using E-TEK2 as the MEA of PEMFC (E-TEK2_A, and E-TEK2_C) were similar, and these PAH profiles were also similar to those of two carbon blacks (XC-72 and BP2000) and two GDL materials (water-proof carbon paper (WPCC) and carbon cloth (CC)), because the same group members exhibit similarity in PCA based on Bartlett's sphericity test (p < 0.05) and the KMO (Kaiser-Mayer-Olkin) index. Moreover, it is common to use Vulcan XC-72 and XC-72R in E-TEK MEAs (Dicks, 2006;Lavall et al, 2008;Hwang et al, 2009). Therefore, the result of PCA supports the relation of PAHs absorbed on carbon materials with those emitted from the anode and cathode gases of PEMFC.…”

Section: Comparison Of Pahs Concentration Profiles (Meas Vs Carbon Mmentioning

confidence: 58%

Effect of Operating Conditions on PAHs Emission from a Single H2-O2 PEM Fuel Cell

Huang

Ming-sheng

Tsai

et al. 2016

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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This study investigates the emissions of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from a single hydrogen-oxygen proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell (FC) under different flowrates, temperatures, sampling periods, and membrane-electrode assemblies (MEAs). The results show that Nap, PA, BeP, FL, Pyr, BbC, Ant, and Flu were dominant in anode and cathode emissions of the single PEMFC under different operating conditions. The emission concentrations of Total-PAHs and Total-BaP equivalent carcinogenic potency (BaP eq ) were lower from the anode than from the cathode emission. Moreover, the concentrations of molecular-weight (MW) classified PAHs were in the order low (L) MM-> high (H) MW-> middle (M) MW-PAHs. When the anode/cathode gas flowrates were greater or smaller than 52/35 sccm but at the same sampling volume, the emission concentrations of Total-PAHs and Total-BaP eq increased. The concentration of Total-PAHs decreased but the mass of Total-PAHs increased with the increase of sampling time. However, 64% and 82% of PAH mass were emitted within 12 and 24 h, respectively, based on 36 h sampling at anode/cathode gas flowrates = 52/35 sccm. The concentrations of Total-PAHs or Total-BaP eq of anode or cathode emission were slightly higher at 90°C than at 65°C.The performances of commercial MEAs were in the order SGL < E-TEK < GORE. Nevertheless, the concentrations of anode or cathode emission Total-PAHs or Total-BaP eq for the PEMFC using different MEAs followed the order GORE > E-TEK2 > E-TEK > SGL, while the sums of anode and cathode Total-PAHs emission factors varied with the order SGL > E-TEK > E-TEK2 > GORE (13.3 ± 0.55, 11.5 ± 0.21, 7.91 ± 0.47, and 3.17 ± 0.22 µg g -1 -MEA, respectively). When using the (lab-made) E-TEK2 as the MEA of PEMFC, the PAH profiles of anode and cathode emission gases were similar to those of some carbon materials.

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Section: Comparison Of Pahs Concentration Profiles (Meas Vs Carbon Mmentioning

confidence: 58%

Effect of Operating Conditions on PAHs Emission from a Single H2-O2 PEM Fuel Cell

Huang

Ming-sheng

Tsai

et al. 2016

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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“…The amount of Pt used could also be decreased in this form, because it is expensive and has a limited abundance in the Earth [3,7,8,11,[16][17][18]. In this way, Pt-Ru and Pt alloy nanoparticles containing Au, Ni, Cu, Co, Pd, and/or other transition metals have been tested on different carbon substrates as anodic catalysts [1,2,6,[9][10][11]13,16,17,[19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical Oxidation of the Carbon Support to Synthesize Pt(Cu) and Pt-Ru(Cu) Core-Shell Electrocatalysts for Low-Temperature Fuel Cells

Caballero-Manrique¹,

Brillas²,

Centellas³

et al. 2015

Catalysts

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Abstract:The synthesis of core-shell Pt(Cu) and Pt-Ru(Cu) electrocatalysts allows for a reduction in the amount of precious metal and, as was previously shown, a better CO oxidation performance can be achieved when compared to the nanoparticulated Pt and Pt-Ru ones. In this paper, the carbon black used as the support was previously submitted to electrochemical oxidation and characterized by XPS. The new catalysts thus prepared were characterized by HRTEM, FFT, EDX, and electrochemical techniques. Cu nanoparticles were generated by electrodeposition and were further transformed into Pt(Cu) and Pt-Ru(Cu) core-shell nanoparticles by successive galvanic exchange with Pt and spontaneous deposition of Ru species, the smallest ones being 3.3 nm in mean size. The onset potential for CO oxidation was as good as that obtained for the untreated carbon, with CO stripping peak potentials about 0.1 and 0.2 V more negative than those corresponding to Pt/C and Ru-decorated Pt/C, respectively. Carbon oxidation yielded an additional improvement in the catalyst performance, because the ECSA values for hydrogen adsorption/desorption were much higher than those obtained for the non-oxidized carbon. This suggested a higher accessibility of the Pt sites in spite of having the same nanoparticle structure and mean size. OPEN ACCESSCatalysts 2015, 5 816

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“…In this study, the MEAs from E-TEK consisted of a Nafion-117 membrane (electrolyte), two dispersed catalyst layers (Pt on carbon black support), and two GDLs (Fig. 1); furthermore, Vulcan XC-72 and XC-72R are commonly used in E-TEK MEAs (Dicks, 2006;Lavall et al, 2008;Hwang et al, 2009). Therefore, the PAHs in the anode or cathode emission gas should be associated with the desorption of the PAHs adsorbed on the carbon black and GDL materials (not just the former) during the operation of the PEMFC.…”

Section: Emissions Of Pahs and Pahs-associated Bap Eq From A Single Fmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emission of PAHs from a Single Hydrogen-Oxygen PEM Fuel Cell: In Relation to Fuel Cell Carbon Materials

Huang

Tsai

et al. 2015

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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This study investigates the emissions of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from a single hydrogen-oxygen proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell (FC) and its relation to FC carbon materials. The results show that the magnitude of specific areas or pore volumes followed the order BP2000 > XC-72R > XC-72 > Alfa for carbon blacks and multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) > single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) for CNTs.Nap and high carcinogenic potency species (BaP, DBA, and IND) were dominant in almost all tested carbon materials (carbon black, CNT, carbon cloth (CC), waterproof CC (WPCC), and waterproof carbon paper (WPCP), except mesophase graphite powder (MGP)). Of all the tested carbon materials, both SWCNT and MWCNT showed the (same) highest BaP content ( ). Likewise, the Total-BaP eq concentration (dominated by 5/6/7-ring PAHs) was also lower in anode (640 ± 2.07 ng Nm -3 ) than in cathode gas emissions (967 ± 8.02 ng Nm -3); however, those in the anode and cathode water effluents were similar (5.70 ± 5.64 and 5.60 ± 4.88 ng L -1 , respectively). Accordingly, the H 2 -O 2 PEMFC is not a complete zero-emission power generator when considering its PAH emissions during operation.

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Mesoporous active carbon dispersed with ultra-fine platinum nanoparticles and their electrochemical properties

Cited by 5 publications

References 11 publications

Effect of Operating Conditions on PAHs Emission from a Single H2-O2 PEM Fuel Cell

Effect of Operating Conditions on PAHs Emission from a Single H2-O2 PEM Fuel Cell

Electrochemical Oxidation of the Carbon Support to Synthesize Pt(Cu) and Pt-Ru(Cu) Core-Shell Electrocatalysts for Low-Temperature Fuel Cells

Emission of PAHs from a Single Hydrogen-Oxygen PEM Fuel Cell: In Relation to Fuel Cell Carbon Materials

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