Merger of structure and material in nacre and bone – Perspectives on de novo biomimetic materials

Espinosa, Horacio D.; Rim, Jee E.; Barthelat, François; Buehler, Markus J.

doi:10.1016/j.pmatsci.2009.05.001

Cited by 666 publications

(502 citation statements)

References 115 publications

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“…Hydroxyapatite and collagen represent the basic building blocks of bone that are arranged at various length-scales to form a complex hierarchical structure (Alexander et al, 2012;Espinosa et al, 2009;Fratzl et al, 2004;Launey et al, 2010;Ritchie et al, 2009;Nair et al, 2013;Weiner and Wagner, 1998). At small scales, the confined size of its building blocks has been shown to be an important element in reaching its characteristic mechanical properties (Gao et al, 2003b;Launey et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanics of collagen–hydroxyapatite model nanocomposites

Libonati

Nair

Vergani

et al. 2014

Mechanics Research Communications

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a b s t r a c tBone is a hierarchical biological composite made of a mineral component (hydroxyapatite crystals) and an organic part (collagen molecules). Small-scale deformation phenomena that occur in bone are thought to have a significant influence on the large scale behavior of this material. However, the nanoscale behavior of collagen-hydroxyapatite composites is still relatively poorly understood. Here we present a molecular dynamics study of a bone model nanocomposite that consist of a simple sandwich structure of collagen and hydroxyapatite, exposed to shear-dominated loading. We assess how the geometry of the composite enhances the strength, stiffness and capacity to dissipate mechanical energy. We find that Hbonds between collagen and hydroxyapatite play an important role in increasing the resistance against catastrophic failure by increasing the fracture energy through a stick-slip mechanism.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanics of collagen–hydroxyapatite model nanocomposites

Libonati

Nair

Vergani

et al. 2014

Mechanics Research Communications

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“…This trend poses a challenge for innovative engineering design to address the competing constraints of light weight on one hand, and impact and shock mitigation on the other hand. In this context, structural biological materials such as wood, bone and abalone shells, are an excellent source for inspiration [2] considering that evolutionary developments have resulted in high-performance lightweight composites structures, made of relatively weak and mundane constituents [3][4][5]. These biological materials deform via several high energy-absorbing mechanisms resulting in the improvement of structural and mechanical properties such as stiffness, strength and toughness.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical investigation of the impact behaviour of bioinspired nacre-like aluminium composite plates

Flores‐Johnson

Shen

Guiamatsia

et al. 2014

Composites Science and Technology

119

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Inspired by the hierarchical structure of nacre, an aluminium alloy (AA) 7075 based composite featuring layer waviness and cohesive interface is studied as a low weight impact resistant material. To investigate the mechanical response and the ballistic performance of this laminated structure, a numerical study of the proposed nacre-like composite plates made of 1.1-mm thick AA 7075 tablets bonded with toughened epoxy resin was performed using Abaqus/Explicit. Target thicknesses of 5.4-mm, 7.5-mm and 9.6-mm impacted by a rigid hemi-spherical projectile were simulated. The epoxy material was modelled using a user-defined interface cohesive element with compressive strength enhancement. A significant performance improvement was recorded for the 5.4-mm nacre-like plate (compared to the same thickness bulk plate), which was explained by the hierarchical structure facilitating both localized energy absorption (by deformation of the tablet) and more globalized energy absorption (by inter-layered delamination and friction). For a given projectile, however, the performance improvement of using the proposed composite decreased with increasing laminate thickness, which was attributed to the increased likelihood of ductile failure occurring prior to perforation in thicker bulk plates. For 5.4-mm thick plates impacted at high velocity, the nacre-like plate had a better ballistic performance than that of the plates made of continuous (flat and wavy) layers, which was attributed to the larger area of plastic deformation (observed in the nacrelike plate after impact) due to the tablets arrangement.

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“…The creation of artificial Nature-inspired materials with intricate, hierarchical architectures is a challenge that requires both the design of optimum microstructures and the development of fabrication procedures to implement these designs (Espinosa et al 2009). However, conventional processing techniques (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel biomimetic approach to the design of high-performance ceramic–metal composites

Launey

Munch

Alsem

et al. 2009

J. R. Soc. Interface.

246

121

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The prospect of extending natural biological design to develop new synthetic ceramicmetal composite materials is examined. Using ice-templating of ceramic suspensions and subsequent metal infiltration, we demonstrate that the concept of ordered hierarchical design can be applied to create fine-scale laminated ceramic -metal (bulk) composites that are inexpensive, lightweight and display exceptional damage-tolerance properties. Specifically, Al 2 O 3 /Al -Si laminates with ceramic contents up to approximately 40 vol% and with lamellae thicknesses down to 10 mm were processed and characterized. These structures achieve an excellent fracture toughness of 40 MPa p m at a tensile strength of approximately 300 MPa. Salient toughening mechanisms are described together with further toughening strategies.

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Merger of structure and material in nacre and bone – Perspectives on de novo biomimetic materials

Cited by 666 publications

References 115 publications

Mechanics of collagen–hydroxyapatite model nanocomposites

Mechanics of collagen–hydroxyapatite model nanocomposites

Numerical investigation of the impact behaviour of bioinspired nacre-like aluminium composite plates

A novel biomimetic approach to the design of high-performance ceramic–metal composites

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