Mercury contamination of golf courses due to pesticide use

Matthews, Stuart; McCracken, I. R.; Lonergan, Greg

doi:10.1007/bf00206677

Cited by 21 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…Rather, studies have focused on pesticide runoff, accumulation and movement of pesticide residues in * To whom correspondence may be addressed (lknopper@connect.carleton.ca). soil, and contamination of groundwater by pesticides [7,8]. We are unaware of any ongoing studies regarding the chronic health outcomes of animals or people likely to come in contact with pesticides on golf courses, even though there appears to be increasing potential for their unintentional exposure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organismal effects of pesticide exposure on meadow voles (Microtus pennsylvanicus) Living in golf course ecosystems: Developmental instability, clinical hematology, body condition, and blood parasitology

Knopper¹,

Mineau²

2004

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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This is the second of two articles reporting the results of a nonlethal biomonitoring study that quantified the effects of pesticide exposure on meadow voles (Microtus pennsylvanicus) living in golf course ecosystems of the Ottawa/Gatineau region (ON and PQ, Canada, respectively). In the present article, we describe results of measurements regarding developmental instability (e.g., fluctuating asymmetry), congenital birth defects (e.g., skeletal terata), clinical hematology (e.g., differential counts), general body condition (e.g., body mass-length relationships), and blood parasite load (Trypanosoma sp. and Bartonella spp.). Voles were captured during the year 2001 to 2003 at six golf courses and two reference sites. Once voles were fully sedated using isoflurane, blood was collected, radiographs taken, and morphometric measurements recorded. Three animals from each course were euthanized to determine body burdens of historically used organochlorine (OC) and metal-based pesticides. Exposure to in-use pesticides was determined from detailed golf course pesticide-use records. None of the endpoints measured was significantly related to body burdens of OC pesticides and metals historically used, nor did any endpoint significantly vary among capture sites in relation to total pesticide application to the capture site or to the number of days since the last application of pesticide. Based on these findings, it appears that voles from golf courses were no less healthy than their conspecifics from reference sites.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organismal effects of pesticide exposure on meadow voles (Microtus pennsylvanicus) Living in golf course ecosystems: Developmental instability, clinical hematology, body condition, and blood parasitology

Knopper¹,

Mineau²

2004

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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“…However, mercury concentrations at this and the other locations exceeded the Florida criterion for protection of marine life ( 40.025 g/L) but not the national criterion to protect saltwater life (0.94 g/L). Mercury contamination from golf courses has been observed in soils, sediments and some biota (Matthews et al, 1995) and its presence near golf courses has been reported to cause adverse biological e!ects (Weis and Weis, 1984).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of a Coastal Golf Complex on Water Quality, Periphyton, and Seagrass

Lewis

Boustany

Dantin

et al. 2002

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety

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“…Likewise, mercurial fungicides, one of the possible sources of mercury, are no longer in use. The presence of mercury and chlordane is not unusual; they have been reported in environmental areas associated with other golf courses [11,38–40].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sediment chemical contamination and toxicity associated with a coastal golf course complex

Lewis

Foss

Harris

et al. 2001

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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The increasing density of golf courses represents a potential source of sediment contamination to nearby coastal areas, the chemical and biological magnitude of which is almost unknown. The objective of this study was to determine the concentrations of contaminants and toxicities of sediments impacted by a coastal golf course complex. Sediment contaminant concentrations were determined at least twice during the two-year study period at 14 sampling stations. In addition, a combination of acute and chronic bioassays were conducted exposing four invertebrate test species to whole sediments and associated pore waters. Overall, the Florida, USA, golf course complex had a measurable impact on sediment chemical quality, particularly in near-field areas. Higher concentrations of several trace metals and organochlorine pesticides were detected in many golf course-associated sediments compared with reference areas; however, concentrations decreased seaward and only a few, primarily chlorinated pesticides, exceeded proposed sediment quality guidelines. Chromium, zinc, and mercury were detected more frequently than other trace metals. The DDT and associated metabolites, dieldrin and chlordane, were the more commonly detected organic contaminants. Acute toxicity was uncommon and occurred consistently for sediment collected from one coastal location. In contrast, chronic toxicity occurred at several study sites based on the response of Mysidopsis bahia. It was concluded that the impact of golf course runoff on sediment quality may be subtle and sensitive biological assessment methods, such as chronic toxicity tests, will be needed to detect adverse effects.

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Mercury contamination of golf courses due to pesticide use

Cited by 21 publications

References 1 publication

Organismal effects of pesticide exposure on meadow voles (Microtus pennsylvanicus) Living in golf course ecosystems: Developmental instability, clinical hematology, body condition, and blood parasitology

Organismal effects of pesticide exposure on meadow voles (Microtus pennsylvanicus) Living in golf course ecosystems: Developmental instability, clinical hematology, body condition, and blood parasitology

Effects of a Coastal Golf Complex on Water Quality, Periphyton, and Seagrass

Sediment chemical contamination and toxicity associated with a coastal golf course complex

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