Mercado de carbono agrícola: realidade ou desafio?

Abstract

Mundialmente, a agricultura convencional é vista como emissora de gases de efeito estufa (GEEs). Já a agricultura de conservação é capaz de mitigar os GEEs e, potencialmente, gerar créditos de carbono. Este estudo objetivou analisar os aspectos normativos e as perspectivas para regulamentação do mercado de carbono brasileiro agrícola, por meio de bases de dados científicos e governamentais. Concluiu-se que o Brasil, apesar da participação nas discussões internacionais e dos significativos avanços institucionais e normativos, carece de aplicação e um maior rigor no cumprimento das legislações ambientais relacionadas à mitigação dos GEEs. Dessa forma, o país tem condições favoráveis à implantação de um mercado de carbono agrícola. Contudo, para que isso se torne uma realidade, faz-se necessário o incremento de parcerias público-privadas e políticas regulatórias mais abrangentes aos diversos segmentos do setor.

Forest restoration contribuition to mitigating climate change: carbon storage as one of the main resources

“…& Silva, 2018). The implementation of Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) projects, which will help in pricing and valuing the market within the country (Anis et al, 2022), is also underway. According to the World Bank's 2020 report, carbon ton was traded on average $10, and it is estimated that with regularization and global awareness, this value will reach $50 by 2030 (Busch et al, 2019).…”

“…According to the World Bank's 2020 report, carbon ton was traded on average $10, and it is estimated that with regularization and global awareness, this value will reach $50 by 2030 (Busch et al, 2019). However, without current legislation, carbon is traded in voluntary markets (Simoni, 2009), where organizations have their emissions offset initiatives through different projects for renewable energy systems, forest restoration, and conservation projects (Paiva et al, 2015), allowing carbon credits trading through certified financial contracts (Anis et al, 2022).…”

“…However, according to the data presented at COP27, the country did not meet the targets, and projections are pessimistic, as emissions have increased instead of decreasing since then (IPCC, 2022). Nevertheless, despite the Brazilian government going against global trends, there is a growing awareness of global climate change that shapes investments and markets(De Souza Cunha et al, 2021), and prospects for the carbon market are extremely favorable(Anis et al, 2022).However, unlike many regions where carbon is treated as a commodity, Brazil has not yet established an "emissions trading system" market(World Bank, 2016). At the national level, the Law No.…”