“…Incarceration creates a multitude of negative impacts on partners and children of the incarcerated (Durante et al, 2023; Tadros, Fahmy et al, 2023). Oftentimes, children and family members experience concerns regarding both their physical and mental health, such as stress-induced health conditions, anxiety, and depression (Cassidy et al, 2010; Dolwick Grieb et al, 2014; Kamptner et al, 2017; Provenchera & Conway, 2019; Tadros, Durante et al, 2022; Tadros, Durante et al, 2022). Additionally, the displacement of incarceration can lead to a tumultuous relationship for parents, as these relationships often result in higher academic punishment for teenage children compared to children who have separated and never re-coupled parents (Turney & Halpern-Meekin, 2020).…”