Mental Foramen and Anterior Loop Anatomic Characteristics: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Cross-sectional Imaging Studies

Barbosa, Daniel Almeida Ferreira; Mesquita, Lucca Reis; Borges, Marcela Maria Costa; Mendonça, Diego Santiago de; Carvalho, Francisco Samuel Rodrigues; Kurita, Lúcio Mitsuo; Silva, Paulo Goberlânio de Barros; Rodrigues, Thyciana Ribeiro; Vasconcelos, Taruska Ventorini; Neto, Francisco Haiter; Costa, Fábio Wildson Gurgel

doi:10.1016/j.joen.2021.08.006

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…However, a recent systematic review by Ferreira-Barbosa et al (17) reported a prevalence of the anterior loop of 43.18% (95% CI: 32.00-54.72), this product of the meta-analysis of 66 observational studies. This could be due to the great heterogeneity of the prevalences in the different regions according to the characteristics of each population.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The mental nerve is an anatomical landmark that should be considered when performing some type of surgical procedure, such as the placement of dental implants, mandibular osteotomies, xation of mandibular fractures, and bone regeneration (1)(2)(3). It is important to know its path from the inferior alveolar nerve to the mental foramen and evaluate if the anterior loop is formed, to avoid neurosensory disorders (4,5). The anterior loop is the extension of the inferior alveolar nerve, located in the premolar region, which is directed downward, forward, upward and backward to emerge through the mental foramen (6).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence and characteristics of the anterior loop in adult patients using Cone Beam computed tomography: A Cross-sectional study

Alva-Torres

Chacón-Uscamaita

Chávez-Rimache

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Background: The anterior loop is the extension of the inferior dental nerve which is one of the most important anatomical landmarks to consider when placing dental implants or any other surgical procedure that involves the chin region. Determining the frequency and characteristics of the anterior loop is important to reduce the risk of complications in the chin region as a result of the implant or regenerative surgeries. For this reason, the objective of the study was to determine the prevalence and characteristics of the anterior loop in adult patients using Cone Beam computed tomography. Methods: A Cross-sectional study of 93 Cone Beam computed topographies (CBCT) obtained from patients of the Faculty of Dentistry of the UNMSM during the period 2016-2017. CBCTs were analyzed and measurements of the anterior projection (AP) and caudal projection (CP) of the anterior loop were performed. In addition, the distance of the anterior loop to the alveolar ridge (D-AR) and the buccal table (D-BP) was evaluated. Results: The prevalence of the anterior loop was 95.1% (n=177) and with an average AP of 2.67 ± 1.36 mm. In AP and CP, a significant difference was evidenced concerning dental status on the right side (p <0.05). The CP of the anterior loop was 5.27 ± 1.69 mm; the rods presented a higher value on the side with 5.94 ± 2.01 mm (p = 0.01); the completely edentulous patients presented a higher value on the side with 7.00 ± 1.13 mm (p = 0.036). The D-AR was 15.33 ± 2.45 mm and the D-BP was 4.97 ± 1.40 mm. Conclusions: In this study, it was found that there is a high prevalence of the anterior loop (95.1%) with an average length of 2.67 mm. In addition, some characteristics associated with the anterior loop were found, such as its anterior projection with dental status and its caudal projection with gender and dental status.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and characteristics of the anterior loop in adult patients using Cone Beam computed tomography: A Cross-sectional study

Alva-Torres

Chacón-Uscamaita

Chávez-Rimache

et al. 2022

Preprint

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“…To date, a large number of scientists conduct research on the location of the supraorbital foramen (notch) (SF (SN)), infraorbital foramen (IF) and mental foramen (MF) in relation to the main craniological landmarks, depending on sex, race, and climatic conditions. The highlighted results show small but significant differences in the topography, shape and position of these foramens [2,6,14,18]. Vascular-nerve bundles pass through SF, IF, and MF, and therefore, when performing complex surgical interventions, as well as during local anesthesia, it is extremely important to know the exact position of these foramens, and accordingly, the exit of nerve branches and vessels [1,9,10,15,22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Craniometric parameters of the spatial position of the supraorbital, infraorbital and mental foramens depending on the facial index of the skull of a mature person

et al. 2022

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Due to increase of various operative interventions in the facial region of a mature person, it is expedient to study in detail the spatial position of the foramens of the facial part of the skull. Knowing the exact position of the foramens will help doctors during operations and minimally invasive interventions to prevent damage to the vascular and nerve bundles that pass through these foramens. The purpose of our work is to determine the craniometric characteristics and spatial position of the supraorbital (SF), infraorbital (IF) and mental (MF) foramen, depending on the type of structure of the facial part of the skull. The study was performed on 52 bone specimens of skulls and 60 CT images of adults without damage to the bone structures of the front part of the skull. Statistical methods were used to analyze the obtained measurement results in our research, which was carried out with the help of the Microsoft Excel 2010© licensed program package and with the help of the "STATISTYCA" program. When determining the position of the foramens of the facial part of the skull, first of all, we determined the individual anatomical variability of the facial part of the skull, which has the following extreme types: europrosopics (broad-faced), mesoprosopics (medium-faced), leptoprosopics (long-faced). By dividing the skulls according to the facial index, we determined the width and height of SF, IF and MF, and it was found that their diameter does not depend on the extreme types of the facial part of the skull. With the help of corresponding program, the average, lateral and line between the zy-zy points were constructed on the CT images of the 3-D models of the skulls to determine the position of SF, IF, MF relative to these lines depending on the facial index. The average values obtained were analyzed and it was established that the distance from SF, IF and MF to the median and lateral lines has larger values in europrosopics, intermediate values have mesoprosopics, the smallest results were determined in leptoprosopics. The results of the study of the distances from the above-mentioned foramens to the zy-zy line indicate an increase in their values in leptoprosopics, as opposed to europrosopics. The data we obtained confirm the dependence of the spatial position of the foramens on the type of structure of the facial part of the skull. The obtained data will supplement the craniotopographical characteristics of SF, IF and MF, and also provide a basis for further research of their position depending on the facial index.

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“…No estudo deWei et al (2020), 67,8% dos pacientes avaliados apresentavam extensão mesial da alça do FM com mensuração média de 3,3mm. Os três estudos apresentaram diferenças significativas entre as mensurações realizadas.O trabalho de revisão sistemática e metanálise realizado porBarbosa et al (2021), mostrou que a prevalência total de extensão mesial da alça do FM foi de 43,18%. Mostrando como esta variação anatômica é comum nos indivíduos.Alterações anatômicas na região do FMAs alterações anatômicas mais visualizadas por ambos os avaliadores foi o prolongamento anterior do canal da mandíbula do lado esquerdo e em segundo lugar a alteração anatômica foi a do prolongamento anterior do canal da mandíbula do lado direito.A superficialização do FM acontece em casos de atrofia severa do rebordo ósseo alveolar.…”

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Análise dos aspectos anatômicos do forame mentual por meio de tomografia computadorizada de feixe cônico

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Ao meu orientador Prof. Dr. Claudio Costa, pelos seus ensinamentos sempre valiosos ao longo da minha carreira na radiologia e especialmente pela paciência.Sou muito grata e sempre terei muito orgulho de ser sua aluna e orientanda.A minha parceira de mestrado Suelen Schumiski, que além de ser a segunda avaliadora da minha pesquisa, sempre esteve disponível para me ajudar. Obrigada pela ajuda, pela disponibilidade, pela amizade, enfim por tudo. Gratidão, amiga.A minha amiga Teresa Gonzalez de Carvalho, pela sua ajuda, por acreditar em mim e pela sua amizade. Obrigada por tudo e por tanto.A Cadiele Oliana Reichert, que foi fundamental nas estatísticas e nos resultados deste trabalho. Obrigada por toda dedicação e paciência.A Dra. Daniela Richarte, pelas considerações na minha qualificação e por estar sempre disposta a ajudar. Muito obrigada, sua calma e paciência me inspiram.A todos os meus amigos e colegas de pós-graduação, Lucila Akinaga, Ana Luiza, Jéssica Zambrana e a todos que eu possa ter esquecido mas que de alguma forma contribuíram no meu crescimento fazendo créditos, dividindo momentos e que sempre foram solícitos e dispostos a me ajudar. Muito obrigada.Aos Professores da disciplina de Radiologia da FOUSP, com quem tive a honra de aprender nos créditos, nas aulas e nas clínicas de graduação Prof. Dr.

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Mental Foramen and Anterior Loop Anatomic Characteristics: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Cross-sectional Imaging Studies

Cited by 9 publications

References 66 publications

Prevalence and characteristics of the anterior loop in adult patients using Cone Beam computed tomography: A Cross-sectional study

Prevalence and characteristics of the anterior loop in adult patients using Cone Beam computed tomography: A Cross-sectional study

Craniometric parameters of the spatial position of the supraorbital, infraorbital and mental foramens depending on the facial index of the skull of a mature person

Análise dos aspectos anatômicos do forame mentual por meio de tomografia computadorizada de feixe cônico

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