Men's violence against women and men are inter-related: Recommendations for simultaneous intervention

Abstract

Men are more likely than women to perpetrate nearly all types of interpersonal violence (e.g. intimate partner violence, murder, assault, rape). While public health programs target prevention efforts for each type of violence, there are rarely efforts that approach the prevention of violence holistically and attempt to tackle its common root causes. Drawing upon theories that explain the drivers of violence, we examine how gender norms, including norms and social constructions of masculinity, are at the root of most physical violence perpetration by men against women and against other men. We then argue that simply isolating each type of violence and constructing separate interventions for each type is inefficient and less effective. We call for recognition of the commonalities found across the drivers of different types of violence and make intervention recommendations with the goal of seeking more long-standing solutions to violence prevention.

Masculinity and HIV: Dimensions of Masculine Norms that Contribute to Men’s HIV-Related Sexual Behaviors

“…substance abuse) or behaviors that gives them a sense of power over others (e.g. sexual aggressiveness or violence perpetration) (41, 52–54). …”

Description and Evaluation of a Measurement Technique for Assessment of Performing Gender

“…Previous empirical literature and theory based on U.S. research suggests that violence perpetration is an important example of a behavioral expression of gender and, thus, in our paper we use violence perpetration to test the validity of this measure (Courtenay 2000; Fleming et al 2015; Mahalik et al 2003). In the United States, because being involved in a fight is more often a characteristic associated with men, it has been theorized that men use violent behaviors as a way to express a masculine gender identity (Courtenay 2000; Fleming et al 2015).…”

“…In the United States, because being involved in a fight is more often a characteristic associated with men, it has been theorized that men use violent behaviors as a way to express a masculine gender identity (Courtenay 2000; Fleming et al 2015). Women may perform certain behaviors to demonstrate a feminine identity but being involved in physical fights is not typically associated with female behavior.…”

“…Specifically, we hypothesize that because doing gender is fluid (i.e., not a stable trait), correlations between longitudinally collected measures of doing gender across developmental periods will vary. We also present correlations between the measure at each wave and involvement in violent fights to demonstrate the construct validity of our measure because engaging in physical violence (or not) is considered a part of men’s (women’s) gender performance in the United States (Courtenay 2000; Fleming et al 2015). …”

Desconstruindo expectativas de gênero a partir de uma posição minoritária: como dialogar com homens autores de violência contra mulheres?

“…Para sua prevenção, a Organização Mundial da Saúde tem incentivado o trabalho junto a homens 1 . Diversas publicações internacionais de impacto no campo da saúde trataram desse tipo de intervenção, mais recentemente em busca de uma compreensão renovada da sua lógica [2][3][4][5] . Discutem sobretudo intervenções preventivas que focalizam os determinantes culturais da violência contra mulheres, e raramente a intimidade das práticas de intervenção junto aos homens que a perpetraram.…”