Memory conformity: Disentangling the steps toward influence during a discussion

Gabbert, Fiona; Memon, Amina; Wright, Daniel B.

doi:10.3758/bf03193873

Cited by 139 publications

(148 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Indeed, many studies have looked at situations in which context information is given to participants when judging past occurrence. For example, a body of research investigates how memory reports of an event provided by one person affect another person's memory report for the same event (e.g., Gabbert, Memon, & Wright, 2006;Roediger et al, 2001). In this case the other person's memory report constitutes context information for one's own memory for the event.…”

Section: Belief In Occurrence and Recognition Memorymentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of belief in occurrence within autobiographical memory.

Scoboria¹,

Jackson²,

Talarico³

et al. 2014

Journal of Experimental Psychology: General

145

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This article examines the idea that believing that events occurred in the past is a non-memorial decision that reflects underlying processes that are distinct from recollecting events. Research on autobiographical memory has often focused on events that are both believed to have occurred and remembered, thus tending to overlook the distinction between autobiographical belief and recollection. Studying event representations such as false memories, believed-not-remembered events, and non-believed memories shows the influence of non-memorial processes on evaluations of occurrence. Believing that an event occurred and recollecting an event may be more strongly dissociated than previously stated. The relative independence of these constructs was examined in 2 studies. In Study 1, multiple events were cued, and then each was rated on autobiographical belief, recollection, and other memory characteristics. In Study 2, participants described a nonbelieved memory, a believed memory, and a believed-not-remembered event, and they made similar ratings. In both studies, structural equation modeling techniques revealed distinct belief and recollection latent variables. Modeling the predictors of these factors revealed a double dissociation: Perceptual, re-experiencing, and emotional features predicted recollection and not belief, whereas event plausibility strongly predicted belief and weakly predicted recollection. The results show that judgments of autobiographical belief and recollection are distinct, that each is influenced by different sources of information and processes, and that the strength of their relationship varies depending on the type of event under study. The concept of autobiographical belief is elaborated, and implications of the findings are discussed in relation to decision making about events, social influence on memory, metacognition, and recognition processes.

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Section: Belief In Occurrence and Recognition Memorymentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of belief in occurrence within autobiographical memory.

Scoboria¹,

Jackson²,

Talarico³

et al. 2014

Journal of Experimental Psychology: General

145

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…On subsequent individual recall and recognition tests, participants often incorporate the confederates' errors into their own memory reports, a process termed the social contagion of memory. Research in the related, memory conformity paradigm has also demonstrated the powerful effect of social influence on false memory (Allan & Gabbert, 2008;Bodner, Musch, & Azad, 2009;Gabbert, Memon, & Allan, 2003;Gabbert, Memon, Allan, & Wright, 2004;Gabbert, Memon, & Wright, 2006Garry, French, Kinzett, & Mori, 2008;Skagerberg & Wright, 2008a, 2008bWright, Gabbert, Memon, & London, 2008;Wright, Self, & Justice, 2000).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Both young and older adults discount suggestions from older adults on a social memory test

Davis

Meade

2013

Psychon Bull Rev

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In the present study, we examined the impacts of participant age and confederate age on social memory processes. During a collaborative recall phase, young and older adult participants were exposed to the erroneous memory reports of a young or an older adult confederate. On a subsequent individual recall test, young and older adult participants were equally likely to incorporate the confederates' erroneous suggestions into their memory reports, suggesting that participant age had a minimal effect on social memory processes. However, confederate age did have a marked effect: Young adult participants were less likely to incorporate misleading suggestions from older adult confederates and less likely to report "remembering" items suggested by older adult confederates. Critically, older adult participants were also less likely to incorporate misleading information from fellow older adult confederates. Both young and older adult participants discounted older adult confederates' contributions to a memory test.

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“…Second, the recollection of the discussion partner can also influence the participant's memory for the event. Misinformation recalled by the discussion partner is often incorporated into the participant's final individual recall (see, e.g., B. H. Basden, Reysen, & Basden, 2002;French, Garry, & Mori, 2008;Gabbert, Memon, & Wright, 2006;Meade & Roediger, 2002;Roediger, Meade, & Bergman, 2001), especially when the individual feels pressure to conform to the discussion partner's responses (Reysen, 2007). This is true even when the information has been recalled correctly by the participant earlier in the experiment (Gabbert, Memon, Allan, & Wright, 2004).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%