Memory and Learning Sequelae in Long-term Survivors of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

Late Effects among Long-Term Survivors of Childhood Acute Leukemia in The Netherlands: A Dutch Childhood Leukemia Study Group Report

“…This survey confirms the data in the literature that prophy lactic cranial irradiation is a very important factor for the long-term impairment of the quality of life of children success fully treated for leukemia (17)(18)(19)(20)(21). In The Netherlands, since 1984, prophylactic cranial irradiation has effectively been sub stituted by intensive systemic and intrathecal chemotherapy.…”

“…This was also observed in this study, as well as the fact that younger age at cranial irradiation is associated with more school and learning defects (18). These school problems are largely caused by verbal and attention deficits (19,20). A recent study has shown an on-going decline in full-scale intelligence quotient after 18-24 Gy irradiation with the length of time from diagnosis (21).…”

Association of 1800 cGy cranial irradiation with intellectual function in children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia

“…The interaction between time since diagnosis and treatment was significant (F = 6 00, p = 0-02) and indicated that the radiated group showed a significant decline in FSIQ as time since diagnosis became longer ( [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]). …”

Rehabilitation of therapy-related cognitive deficits in patients after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

“…[12][13][14][15] Comparison of the effects of various therapeutic approaches has resulted in reduction in the neurotoxicity of various regimens. 8,16 Brouwers and Poplack 17 reported that attention deficits represented the main variable by which diminished skills in memory tests could be explained in ALL patients. Rodgers et al 18 showed that highly-specific attention deficits were the main source of cognitive disturbances in ALL.…”