Membranous Glomerulonephritis: Overview of the Role of Serum and Urine Biomarkers in the Management

Maifata, Sadiq Mu'azu; Hod, Rafidah; Zakaria, Nor Fadhina; Ghani, Fauzah Abd

doi:10.20944/preprints201909.0218.v1

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…The principal function of RBP is vitamin A transport (3). It has been documented that about 4-5% of RBP circulates freely, crosses the glomerular barrier and is reabsorbed at the proximal convoluted tubule (PCT) (4). Individualized therapy is possible with the development of a non-invasive biomarker such as urinary RBP to monitor chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients at risk of progressing to end-stage renal disease (ESRD) (5,6).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, urinary RBP could serve as a non-invasive biomarker for PCT dysfunction (8) and CKDs (4,9,10) such as diabetes mellitus (DM), HIV-associated nephropathy (HIVAN) for effective intervention (11). Membranous glomerulonephritis (MGN) is one of the leading causes of CKD and progression to ESRD is linked to high morbidity and mortality (4,12). Therefore, early intervention and monitoring are necessary to prevent patients from progressing to ESRD.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Membranous Glomerulonephritis: Role of Retinol-Binding Protein in Monitoring and Prognostication

Maifata¹,

Ghani²,

Hod³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Initially, retinol-binding protein (RBP), was thought to be a biomarker for proximal convoluted tubule dysfunction could be important in chronic kidney diseases (CKD). Membranous glomerulonephritis (MGN) is an important cause of CKD and end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Therefore, monitoring MGN patients using urinary RBP is important in effective treatment decision making and prognostication of MGN patients. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique was used to detect the RBP in the urine samples of 69 MGN patients comprising 47 primary and 22 secondary MGN, at the end of the follow-up period. The test for the urinary biomarker gave the following results: urinary RBP was detected in 27 (39.1%) and 6 (8.7%) of the primary and secondary MGN patients, respectively. The correlation analysis demonstrated a significant relationship between urinary RBP and renal function test parameters, in addition to a logistic regression analysis that proved urinary RBP as a prognostic non-invasive biomarker for primary MGN. Therefore, urinary RBP could be employed to monitor and provide effective prognosis and early treatment decisions in primary MGN.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Membranous Glomerulonephritis: Role of Retinol-Binding Protein in Monitoring and Prognostication

Maifata¹,

Ghani²,

Hod³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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RETRACTED: Role of Serum and Urine Biomarkers (PLA2R and THSD7A) in Diagnosis, Monitoring and Prognostication of Primary Membranous Glomerulonephritis

et al. 2020

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Differentiating primary and secondary membranous glomerulonephritis (MGN) using biomarkers for MGN is essential in patients’ diagnosis, treatment and follow-up. Although biopsy has been the primary tool in making the diagnosis, not all patients can withstand it due to its invasive nature, and it cannot be used to monitor treatment. Hence, there is the need for less invasive or even non-invasive biomarkers for effective diagnosis, treatment monitoring and prognostication. This study aimed at providing an alternative way of differentiating primary and secondary MGN using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique for serum and urine biomarkers (M-type phospholipase A2 receptor (PLA2R) and thrombospondin type-1 domain-containing 7A (THSD7A)) for prompt diagnosis, treatment and prognosis. A total of 125 subjects, including 81 primary and 44 secondary MGN subjects, were diagnosed from January 2012 to October 2019 at Hospital Serdang and Hospital Kuala Lumpur from which 69 subjects consisting of 47 primary and 22 secondary MGN subjects participated in the study. Of these, 13 primary MGN subjects were positive for both serum and urine anti-PLA2R antibodies (Ab) whereas only one secondary MGN subject associated with hepatitis B virus was positive for both serum and urine anti-PLA2R Ab. At the same time, anti-THSD7A Ab was found positive in four primary MGN subjects and two secondary MGN subjects with malignancy.

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The Role of Anti-PLA2R and Anti-THSD7A Antibodies in the Pathogenesis and Diagnostics of Primary Membranous Nephropathy: A Review of Current Knowledge for Clinical Practice

Smarz-Widelska

Chojęta

Kozioł

2022

IJERPH

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Primary membranous nephropathy (PMN) is considered a major cause of nephrotic syndrome. The discovery of circulating autoantibodies directed against glomerular podocytes helped to classify them as autoimmune diseases. Over the past years, there has been an increasing significance of anti-Phospholipase A2 Receptor (anti-PLA2R), which has been detected in 70–80% of PMN cases, and relevance of anti-Thrombospondin type I domain-containing 7A (anti-THSD7A) even though they are present in 2–5% of patients. The results of clinical and experimental studies indicate that these antibodies are pathogenic. It radically changed the diagnostic and therapeutic approach. Measurement of antibody titers in the serum seems to be a valuable tool for identifying PMN and for the assessment of disease activity. By monitoring pathogenic antibodies levels rather than proteinuria or reduced glomerular filtration rate (GFR) as an indicator of glomerular disease, physicians would easier divide patients into those with active and inactive PMN disease and decide about their therapy. The aim of this review is to evaluate scientific evidence about the role of autoantibodies, namely anti-PLA2R and anti-THSD7A, as PMN biomarkers. The present manuscript focuses on PMN pathogenesis and key data of diagnosis, monitoring of the disease, and treatment strategies that are currently being used in clinical practice.

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Membranous Glomerulonephritis: Overview of the Role of Serum and Urine Biomarkers in the Management

Cited by 3 publications

References 71 publications

Membranous Glomerulonephritis: Role of Retinol-Binding Protein in Monitoring and Prognostication

Membranous Glomerulonephritis: Role of Retinol-Binding Protein in Monitoring and Prognostication

RETRACTED: Role of Serum and Urine Biomarkers (PLA2R and THSD7A) in Diagnosis, Monitoring and Prognostication of Primary Membranous Glomerulonephritis

The Role of Anti-PLA2R and Anti-THSD7A Antibodies in the Pathogenesis and Diagnostics of Primary Membranous Nephropathy: A Review of Current Knowledge for Clinical Practice

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