Membranes and deoxyribonucleic acid of hippocampal neurons damage due to low-density polyethylene microplastics in blood of Wistar rats

Abstract

Microplastic particles in the blood can cause damage to organs such as the brain. This study aimed to analyze the effect of microplastic particles in the blood on membrane damage (expression of malondialdehyde metabolites) and deoxyribonucleic acid damage (expression of 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine metabolites) in hippocampus neurons of Wistar rats. Methods: Forty-two Wistar rats were used and equally divided into six groups. The study groups X1, X2, X3, X4 and X5 was given 0.0375mg, 0.075mg, 0.15mg, 0.3mg, and 0.6mg of low-density polyethylene microplastic powder mixed with 2cc distilled water respectively, while the control group only given distilled water. Microplastic administration was carried out for 90 days. Results: Microplastic particles were found in the blood of Wistar rats. The level of microplastics particle was higher along with the higher exposure dose. The mean expression of malondialdehyde and 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine metabolites in the hippocampal neurons in CA1 and CA3 areas were significantly increased with higher exposure doses (Kruskal-Wallis test p <0.01). The Spearmen’s correlation showed a strong relationship between the levels of microplastic particles in blood and the expression of metabolites malondialdehyde and 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (all p <0.01). Microplastic in the blood of Wistar rats has increased expression of malondialdehyde and 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine metabolites in hippocampal neurons.

Wistar Rats Hippocampal Neurons Response to Blood Low-Density Polyethylene Microplastics: A Pathway Analysis of SOD, CAT, MDA, 8-OHdG Expression in Hippocampal Neurons and Blood Serum Aβ42 Levels

“…Oxygen-dependent and independent mechanisms will destroy microplastic particles in the blood of Wistar rats through oxidative processes and inflammatory mediators, respectively. 26 However, this mechanism cannot destroy the dense particles; hence, the process which initiates the formation of reactive oxygen species continues. 14 , 16 Plastic particles dense, sharp, and rigid edges will cause injury to the biological components they touch.…”

“…The cellular biomarker of neuronal phospholipid membrane and deoxyribonucleic acid damage, which reduce the ability to generate brain neurons, is malondialdehyde (MDA) and 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), respectively. 26 , 27 …”

“…deoxyribonucleic acid damage, which reduce the ability to generate brain neurons, is malondialdehyde (MDA) and 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), respectively. 26,27 Amyloid beta 1-42 (Aβ42) was recognized as a marker for assessing cognitive abilities in Alzheimer's disease. 28 It is a protein resulting from the fragmentation of amyloid precursor by proteases.…”