Membrane reactors for biodiesel production and processing

Rahimpour, Mohammad Reza

doi:10.1016/b978-1-78242-223-5.00010-8

Cited by 14 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 114 publications

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“…3 catalytic process provides the possibility of carrying out the reaction at milder conditions, higher activity and selectivity, ease of spectroscopic monitoring, controlled and tunable reaction sites, and a short time transesterification reaction. Furthermore, alkali homogeneous catalysts such as NaOH and KOH are more beneficial over others because the process is carried out under atmospheric pressure with short time (30− 90 min) at low temperature (40−60 °C) and reduced cost and result in high conversion; 42 this makes them the preferred catalysts to be used in industries. In this regard, the NaOH catalyst was selected to transform the oil obtained from desert date into the corresponding alkyl ester, biodiesel.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

NaOH-Catalyzed Methanolysis Optimization of Biodiesel Synthesis from Desert Date Seed Kernel Oil

Mekonnen

Sendekie

2021

ACS Omega

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Biodiesel synthesis from non-edible vegetable oil via catalytic transesterification is one of the effective ways to replace petroleum-based fuels in the area of renewable energy development and is beneficial to environmental security. Therefore, this research investigates the optimization of process parameters (temperature, methanol to oil ratio, and NaOH catalyst dose) for the conversion of biodiesel from non-edible desert date (Balanites Aegyptiaca) seed kernel oil using the Box–Behnken experimental design of response surface methodology statistical analysis. Accordingly, the optimum values of reaction conditions, namely, a temperature of 60.5 °C, methanol to oil ratio of 6.7:1, and catalyst dose of 0.79 %wt, yielded 93.16% biodiesel. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis confirmed the cracking of a single glycerol backbone from the triglycerides and the substitution by methoxyl in the presence of a NaOH catalyst. The physicochemical properties of the biodiesel were investigated and compared with standards in terms of its density, viscosity, higher heating value, acid value, saponification value, cetane number, cloud point, pour point, and flash point, and the values are within the recommended standard limits of American Standard for Testing Material (ASTM D6751) and European Committee for Standardization (EN14214). Thus, the results revealed that homogeneous base catalysis of non-edible oil under optimum reaction conditions provides high yield of biodiesel.

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Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

NaOH-Catalyzed Methanolysis Optimization of Biodiesel Synthesis from Desert Date Seed Kernel Oil

Mekonnen

Sendekie

2021

ACS Omega

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“…It has been observed that this type of catalytic membrane reactor is able to achieve an oil-to-biodiesel conversion of ≥ 90% for both H 2 SO 4 and KOH catalysts (Dubé et al 2007). In addition, using activated carbon as a catalyst support resulted in an increase in conversion by 93.5% (Rahimpour 2015). The methanol that permeates through the membrane is recycled back to the reactor to lessen the overall methanol-to-oil molar ratio (Cao Fig.…”

Section: Membrane Reactors For Biofuel Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1 (a) Configurations for the transesterification reaction: (C1) conventional reaction using the heterogeneous catalysts dispersed in the bulk solution followed by separate standard phases partition; (C2) reaction with the heterogeneous catalysts spread in the bulk solution coupled with in situ continuous filtration performed with a com-mercial membrane; (C3) reaction with the immobilised catalyst and a polymeric membrane; (b) schematic view of enzymatic membrane bioreactor; (c) schematic diagram of membrane reactor for biodiesel production; (d) catalytic membrane reactor process and membrane modules et al 2007). Methanol can be recycled back to the reactor by distilling the methanol from the non-polar phase and direct recycling of the polar phase (Rahimpour 2015).…”

Section: Membrane Reactors For Biofuel Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fuel production using membrane reactors: a review

et al. 2020

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Population growth has led to higher consumption of fossil fuel, and subsequently to a major increase of greenhouse gases emissions to the atmosphere, thus inducing global warming. Fossil fuel supplies are depleting, and the price of these fuels is increasing. Moreover, there are concerns about related emissions of toxic pollutants such as sulphur dioxide and aromatic hydrocarbons. Here, we review alternative fuel technologies. We focus on how membrane reactors improve the existing production processes of renewable fuels. Advantages and environmental benefits of membrane reactors are compared to the conventional techniques. Membrane reactors have been applied successfully to improve biodiesel, hydrogen and Fischer-Tropsch synthesis. Membranes help the conversion of products, whilst shifting the equilibrium of the reaction and reducing undesired by-products. Membrane reactors also overcome immiscibility issues that hinder conventional reactor processes. Overall, membrane reactors reduce cost and energy needed for the treatment of wastewater from fuel production.

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“…Both separation and chemical reaction are possible solely or simultaneously in a membrane reactor. Membrane characteristics, such as high surface area per unit volume, high selectivity and permeability and possibility of controlling permeation rate, make it promising for simultaneous reaction and separation [28,29]. Besides, high efficient phase separations are achieved by using perm-selective membranes.…”

Section: Membrane Reactors: Highly Energy Efficient Separations and Ymentioning

confidence: 99%

A Heat Exchanger Reactor Equipped with Membranes to Produce Dimethyl Ether from Syngas and Methyl Formate and Hydrogen from Methanol

Rahimpour¹

2016

Int. J. Membrane Sci. Techno.

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The energy crisis of the century is a motivation to present processes with higher energy efficiency for production of clean and renewable resources of energy. Hence, a catalytic heat exchanger reactor for production of dimethyl ether (DME) from syngas, and hydrogen and methyl formate (MF) from methanol is investigated in the present study. The proposed configuration is equipped with two different membranes for in-situ separation of products. Syngas is converted to DME through an exothermic reaction and it supplies a part of required energy for the methanol dehydrogenation reaction. Produced water in the exothermic side and produced hydrogen in the endothermic side are separated by using appropriate perm-selective membranes. In-situ separation of products makes the equilibrium reactions proceed toward higher conversion of reactants. A mathematical model based on reasonable assumptions is developed to evaluate molar and thermal behavior of the configuration. Performance of the system is aimed to enhance by obtaining optimum operating conditions. In this regard, Genetic Algorithm is applied. Performance of the heat exchanger double membrane reactor working under optimum conditions (OTMHR) is compared with a heat exchanger reactor without membrane (THR). OTMHR promotes methanol conversion to MF to %87.2, carbon monoxide conversion to %95.8 and hydrogen conversion to %64.6.

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Membrane reactors for biodiesel production and processing

Cited by 14 publications

References 114 publications

NaOH-Catalyzed Methanolysis Optimization of Biodiesel Synthesis from Desert Date Seed Kernel Oil

NaOH-Catalyzed Methanolysis Optimization of Biodiesel Synthesis from Desert Date Seed Kernel Oil

Fuel production using membrane reactors: a review

A Heat Exchanger Reactor Equipped with Membranes to Produce Dimethyl Ether from Syngas and Methyl Formate and Hydrogen from Methanol

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