Fuel production using membrane reactors: a review

Abstract

Population growth has led to higher consumption of fossil fuel, and subsequently to a major increase of greenhouse gases emissions to the atmosphere, thus inducing global warming. Fossil fuel supplies are depleting, and the price of these fuels is increasing. Moreover, there are concerns about related emissions of toxic pollutants such as sulphur dioxide and aromatic hydrocarbons. Here, we review alternative fuel technologies. We focus on how membrane reactors improve the existing production processes of renewable fuels. Advantages and environmental benefits of membrane reactors are compared to the conventional techniques. Membrane reactors have been applied successfully to improve biodiesel, hydrogen and Fischer-Tropsch synthesis. Membranes help the conversion of products, whilst shifting the equilibrium of the reaction and reducing undesired by-products. Membrane reactors also overcome immiscibility issues that hinder conventional reactor processes. Overall, membrane reactors reduce cost and energy needed for the treatment of wastewater from fuel production.

A review on mathematical modeling of packed bed membrane reactors for hydrogen production from methane

“…Thus, the reaction rate of methane (r CH 4 ,WI ) is calculated by combining the Equations ( 25) and (26).…”

“…Table 1 shows the summary of the key review studies published in journals in the last 5 years. 5,7,[17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27] These review studies give general information on the MRs and their applications, Pd-based membranes and their permeability, different MR configurations, recent progress in MR technology, effects of operating parameters on the MR performance, and alternative fuel production using MR. The literature survey on the review papers on the MRs published in the last 5 years showed that, according to the author's best knowledge, there is no comprehensive review study on the mathematical modeling of the hydrogen production from steam methane reforming through MRs.…”

CIERMMI Women in Science Engineering and Technology TXV

“…In recent years, one of the main objectives that various investigations have had is to reduce greenhouse gas emissions such as CO2, of which approximately 25% correspond to emissions related to the use of fossil fuel for transportation (Hafeez et al, 2020;Llanes Cedeño, 2017). In this sense, biodiesel has become one of the most used options to reduce the use of fossil fuels, by having a cleaner combustion, it can help to reduce CO emissions, which is a product of incomplete combustion and that can be transformed in CO2 in the presence of an atmosphere with a sufficient amount of oxygen (Llanes Cedeño, 2017).…”

“…It is well known that the current energy sector depends mainly on the use of fossil fuels and together with globalization, has led to an increase in greenhouse gas emissions (Hafeez et al, 2020). Also, since it is a non-renewable energy source, the price of fossil fuels has been increasing, while their reserves have been decreasing.…”

Bifunctional catalysts applied to produce biodiesel from waste cooking oil

“…In recent years, one of the main objectives that various investigations have had is to reduce greenhouse gas emissions such as CO2, of which approximately 25% correspond to emissions related to the use of fossil fuel for transportation (Hafeez et al, 2020;Llanes Cedeño, 2017). In this sense, biodiesel has become one of the most used options to reduce the use of fossil fuels, by having a cleaner combustion, it can help to reduce CO emissions, which is a product of incomplete combustion and that can be transformed in CO2 in the presence of an atmosphere with a sufficient amount of oxygen (Llanes Cedeño, 2017).…”