Membrane performance enhancer evaluations on pilot‐ and full‐scale membrane bioreactors

Collins, John H.; Yoon, Seongwon; Musale, Deepak A.; Kong, Jian; Koppes, J.; Sundararajan, Suma; Tsai, Shih‐Perng; Hallsby, G. Anders; Cachia, Philippe; Kronoveter, Karen

doi:10.1111/j.1747-6593.2006.00030.x

Cited by 14 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…They are easily accumulated, causing poor filterability of the sludge suspension (Drews et al, 2008;Juang et al, 2013). In general, the fouling rate can controlled using two approaches: (i) the regulation of operational parameters, such as sludge retention time (SRT), hydraulic retention time (HRT), dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration, temperature, aeration, and (ii) the addition of certain chemicals which modify the characteristics of the mixed liquor upon coagulation (Guo et al, 2010;Koseoglu et al, 2008;Wu et al, 2006;Zhang et al, 2008), flocculation (Collins et al, 2006;Guo et al, 2010;Ji et al, 2010;Wozniak, 2010) or adsorption (Le-Clech et al, 2006;Meng et al, 2009). These chemical agents include organic polymers (Vera Iversen et al, 2009;Koseoglu et al, 2008) and inorganic flocculants, such as aluminium and ferric chloride (Koseoglu et al, 2008;Wu et al, 2006;Yu et al, 2016), which in general improve the sludge filterability but at the expense of an increase cost (Huyskens et al, 2012).…”

Section: Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fouling control in membrane bioreactors with sewage-sludge based adsorbents

et al. 2016

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The potential application of powdered activated carbon (PAC) to mitigate membrane fouling has been tested in membrane bioreactors (MBRs) fed with cosmetic wastewater. Inexpensive powder activated carbon was prepared from sewage sludge biosolids (B-PAC) by pyrolysis (750 °C; 0.5 h) and air-activation (400 °C; 2 h). Adsorption capacities of 143 and 570 mg g were reached for carbohydrates and proteins, respectively, quite similar to those of a commercial activated carbon (C-PAC). To check the effect of PAC addition on membrane fouling, three MBRs were simultaneously operated without (control-MBR) and with PAC (B-MBR and C-MBR) for 150 days in continuous mode at 8 L m h flux. Similar COD removal efficiencies were achieved in these three MBR systems. After 100 days of operation, the effect of the PACs on the sludge filterability was studied in the MBRs for 10 days. B-MBR showed stable transmembrane pressure (TMP) after 9 days of operation, unlike of control-MBR and C-MBR, where the TMP increased after the 2nd and 5th days, respectively. Therefore, operational cost saving can be achieved in the membrane cleaning due to decrease of fouling rate. Operating at stable state condition the addition of PAC gave rise to an increase of the critical flux of 25%. In an extra shear test, carried out at the end of the continuous experiment, a clear reduction in mean size of the flocs from 45 to 28 μm was observed in control-MBR. However, the extra shear led to a slight reduction of the mean size of flocs (less than 5%) in MBRs with PAC, with average sizes of 62 and 71 μm in C-MBR and B-MBR, respectively. The molecular weight fractionation of the MBR demonstrated a higher selectivity of B-PAC toward the adsorption of proteins smaller than 1 μm which prevents the irreversible fouling of the membranes. The membranes lifetime was increased because the B-PAC extended the filtration for a longer period than C-PAC, probably due to its easier in-situ regeneration.

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Section: Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fouling control in membrane bioreactors with sewage-sludge based adsorbents

et al. 2016

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“…A recent study cited the use of membrane performance enhancers (MPE) (a polyelectrolyte-based flocculant recently developed by Nalco) in full-and pilot-scale MBR plants. When the MPE was dosed at 400 mg=L, the average membrane flux was reported to increase by 50-178% and the supernatant polysaccharide level reduced in the mixed liquor in the long-term operation of a pilot-scale MBR (5,18,19).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…''Critical flux'' is mainly controlled by the small particles in the mixture. Below the critical flux, no particles deposit on the membrane and above the critical flux, particles deposit on the membrane due to the transmembrane pressure (TMP), and may become irreversible foulants (4,5). It is recognized that in MBRs the concept of ''critical flux'' is debatable, as some degree of fouling appears to occur at any flux (6).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transient Performance of MBR with Flux Enhancing Polymer Addition

Zhang

Zhou

et al. 2010

Separation Science and Technology

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The polymeric membrane performance enhancer (MPE50) was applied in two parallel submerged membrane bioreactors to test its effect on membrane fouling. Although the flux enhancer showed significant benefit, the effect of dosage termination caused a dramatic drop in performance relative to the control. The MBRs were compared in three carefully controlled runs performed over 155 days. The total organic carbon (TOC), EPS, and particle size data were collected at regular intervals during the entire operation. In run 1, after a start-up period of 62 days, a stable state was achieved in both MBRs. In run 2, a one-off 400 mg/L MPE and 15 mg/L MPE daily maintenance dosage were applied in one reactor for 60 days. The ''critical flux'' determined by the flux stepping test was increased by 50% from 20 LMH to 30 LMH after the addition of MPE. Long-term experiments were implemented at three separate levels of constant flux, namely 20, 30, and 40 LMH. At the flux of 20 LMH (below the ''critical flux'' of both reactors with and without MPE), the performance in both reactors was similar. At the flux of 30 LMH (above the ''critical flux'' of the MBR without MPE but below the ''critical flux'' of the MBR with MPE), the addition of MPE was found to mitigate membrane fouling. At a flux of 40 LMH (above the critical flux for both reactors), the TMP rise in the MBR with MPE was slower than the MBR without MPE, although the performance of both MBRs was poor. The performance differences correlated with the increase in the particle size distribution of the activated sludge as well as the low level of SMP and EPS (mainly polysaccharides) concentrations in the supernatant during steady state. In run 3, after terminating the MPE addition, the membrane performance was found to be significantly worse than the MBR without MPE, which suggests that the continuous maintenance dose of MPE is essential upon MPE application to the MBR.

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“…Lab and pilot scale experiments with MPE50 addition have shown that the membrane fouling rates could significantly be reduced even under high flux conditions and the process could be operated at an extremely high suspended solid level, e.g. 50,000 mg/L [10]. In addition, permeate chemical oxygen demand (COD) was improved by approximately 30%, whereas no toxic effects on bioactivity were found.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

A new combined inorganic–organic flocculant (CIOF) as a performance enhancer for aerated submerged membrane bioreactor

Nguyen

Guo

Ngo

et al. 2010

Separation and Purification Technology

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a b s t r a c tIn this study, a new combined inorganic-organic flocculant (CIOF) of FeCl 3 and membrane performance enhancer (MPE50) was prepared and added to an aerated submerged membrane bioreactor (SMBR). The effects of CIOF on the performance of an aerated submerged membrane bioreactor (SMBR) were evaluated. The results indicated that the SMBR with CIOF addition could remove almost 100% total phosphate while eliminating over 90% ammonia (NH 4 -N) and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) during an 80-day of operation. The respiration tests revealed that the specific oxygen uptake rate (SOUR) was stable around 1.5-2.0 mg O 2 /g MLVSS h. The sludge volume index (SVI) of less than 100 mL/g during the operation showed the importance of CIOF on the improvement of settling properties of the sludge. Soluble carbohydrate concentration was also well correlated with DOC of the supernatant. CIOF was successful in the reduction of fouling of membrane as the membrane was only chemically cleaned after 53 days of operation.

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Membrane performance enhancer evaluations on pilot‐ and full‐scale membrane bioreactors

Cited by 14 publications

References 10 publications

Fouling control in membrane bioreactors with sewage-sludge based adsorbents

Fouling control in membrane bioreactors with sewage-sludge based adsorbents

Transient Performance of MBR with Flux Enhancing Polymer Addition

A new combined inorganic–organic flocculant (CIOF) as a performance enhancer for aerated submerged membrane bioreactor

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