Membrane Fusion Models for Bioapplications

Mazur, Federico; Chandrawati, Rona

doi:10.1002/cnma.202000582

Cited by 7 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 210 publications

(325 reference statements)

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“…During freezing, the lipid bilayer membranes of platelets are disrupted by the temporary formation of ice crystals. 28,29 Subsequently, during thawing steps, new vesicles are formed by membrane fusion and self-assembly. 30 Lipid bilayer membrane fusion is an essential physiological process in many cellular events involving the fusion of lipid bilayers leading to the transport of molecules between and within cells.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Controlling the fate of regenerative cells with engineered platelet-derived extracellular vesicles

et al. 2022

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Controlling the fate of regenerative cells with engineered platelet-derived extracellular vesicles

et al. 2022

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“…The literature on vesicle fusion, a process which naturally increases the membrane area by combining the areas of the fusing entities, is extraordinarily extensive due to the importance of small unilamellar vesicle fusion in biology. [236] The concept of merging a vesicle with a model protocell is highly relevant, since this process is not only increasing the size of the original container, but is also combining the contents. [237] A recent review provides details on fusion mechanisms with relevance for model prebiotic compartments.…”

Section: Vesicle Fusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protocells: Milestones and Recent Advances

Gözen

Köksal

Põldsalu

et al. 2022

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to assemble astonishing pieces of a complicated puzzle, and realized that further advancement requires input from multiple branches of science, not just biology as the primary life science. Detailed hypotheses have been established about the different scenarios of the emergence of life, including the "RNA world," [1] the "lipid world," [2] "replicator first," [3] "metabolism first," [4][5][6] and others. Although the origin of life is still surrounded by many open questions, our understanding of chemical, physicochemical, and biochemical processes possibly involved in the ancient events preceding Darwinian evolution has seen much progress. We have come a long way from Leduc's physicochemical, inorganic matter-centered view on the beginning of the evolution, yet the matter of the transition from nonliving to living matter still remains largely unsolved, and one of the great scientific problems of our time.The phylogenetic tree of different living domains reflects that life has evolved from simple to more complex structures, i.e., from single-to multicellular organisms. The oldest fossil evidence dating back 3.5 Gy (billion years) comes from stromatolites, [7][8][9][10] microorganismal residues in sedimentary rocks. [11] There appears to be a gap of knowledge regarding the period of evolution between the first primitive hypothetical cells and the fossilized ancient bacteria, which can be considered as an already advanced form of life. [12] It is highly likely that intermediate primitive cell precursors preceded the single-cell organisms. The hypothetical prebiotic structures that were the stepping stone to first self-sustaining living cells are commonly termed "protocells." The possibility of a strong link between the formation of protocells and the origin of life can today be reasonably assumed.One cannot easily proceed in the context of the evolution of cell-based organisms without briefly illuminating the concept of life as we know it on our planet. Over time, different requirements have been proposed for an entity to be considered alive. According to Tibor Ganti's chemoton model, [13] a protocell contains three autocatalytic subsystems: a membrane subsystem that keeps the components together and intact, a metabolic subsystem that captures energy and material resources, and an information subsystem that processes and transfers heritable information to progeny. To be considered alive, these subsystems must be unified and function co-operatively for the survival and evolution of the supersystem. Pohorille and Deamer suggested a modified set of 7 criteria related to the chemoton. [14] At about the same time, Oro defined the requirements by 10 characteristic features. [15] Despite their differences, these descriptions align well with NASA's broader definition of life: "a self-sustaining chemical system capable of Darwinian evolution."The origin of life is still one of humankind's great mysteries. At the transition between nonliving and living matter, protocells, initially featureless aggregates of abiotic matter, ga...

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“…[175] Their appeal stems from their applicability as nanocarriers for drug delivery, in modeling cell mimicking studies, and supporting theories on the origins of life. [176][177][178] The success in these fields can be attributed to several factors, including their ability to: (i) encapsulate hydrophilic/hydrophobic drugs, (ii) functionalize their surface for targeted applications, and (iii) easily manipulate their composition to produce rigid or flexible vesicles depending on the intended use. [171] These benefits are translatable for H 2 S sensing in biological settings and enable formerly impracticable applications, as previously shown.…”

Section: Vesicle-based Probesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthetic nanoprobes for biological hydrogen sulfide detection and imaging

Zhou

Mazur

Fan

et al. 2022

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Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a gaseous molecule involved in multiple biological and physiological processes, including various diseases such as cancer and neurodegenerative disorders. This has led to the development of various analytical methods to monitor H2S in biological settings. Among these, fluorescence‐based assays, specifically organic small‐molecule probes, have been thoroughly utilized. They offer good sensitivity and specificity as sensors, and noninvasive detection with high spatiotemporal resolution in in vitro and in vivo imaging. Despite attempts to decrease the rate of photobleaching and enhance the photostability of these dyes, they are still limited by low survival time and complex reagent pretreatment. Fortunately, nanotechnology has been applied to develop effective, highly sensitive, and specific fluorescent nanoprobes. Specifically, nanomaterial‐based H2S probes have emerged as promising candidates for real‐time detection and imaging. In contrast to their organic molecule‐based counterparts, they offer higher versatility in imaging modes due to their unique optical properties, improved photostability and solubility within physiological fluids, as well as easily modifiable surfaces and tuneable structures for improved specificity. Recently, many nanomaterial‐based probes, ranging from inorganic nanoparticles to self‐assembled nanocomposites, have been developed. These have, for the most part, achieved sensitive and specific endogenous H2S detection and in vivo imaging. In this review, we evaluate five different nanomaterials currently being researched to detect and image endogenous H2S within the last 5 years. Furthermore, analytical methods associated with the various signal outputs, current challenges in H2S nanoprobe design, and possible future research interests are outlined and discussed.

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Membrane Fusion Models for Bioapplications

Cited by 7 publications

References 210 publications

Controlling the fate of regenerative cells with engineered platelet-derived extracellular vesicles

Controlling the fate of regenerative cells with engineered platelet-derived extracellular vesicles

Protocells: Milestones and Recent Advances

Synthetic nanoprobes for biological hydrogen sulfide detection and imaging

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