Membrane Distillation of Butanol from Aqueous Solution with Polytetrafluoroethylene Membrane

Wang, Yuyang; Qiu, Boya; Fan, Senqing; Liu, Jingyun; Qin, Yangmei; Jian, Shizhao; Wang, Yinan; Xiao, Zeyi

doi:10.1002/ceat.201900484

Cited by 16 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…The activation energies of PTFE membrane, CNIM-f and GOIM were 9, 8.6 and 7.9 kJ/mol, respectively. Although the Ea values for MTBE were lower than that has been reported for chloroform and butanol using MD [54,55], a direct comparison to those values may not be relevant due to the variations in the nature of chemicals, membranes and process parameters. At the same time, significantly lower values in the range of 1-3 kJ/mol have been reported for THF and methanol for pervaporative separation [56,57].…”

Section: Mass Transfer Coefficientsmentioning

confidence: 58%

Removal and Recovery of Methyl Tertiary Butyl Ether (MTBE) from Water Using Carbon Nanotube and Graphene Oxide Immobilized Membranes

2020

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Methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) is a widely used gasoline additive that has high water solubility, and is difficult to separate from contaminated ground and surface waters. We present the development in functionalized carbon nanotube-immobilized membranes (CNIM-f) and graphene oxide-immobilized membranes (GOIM) for enhanced separation of MTBE via sweep gas membrane distillation (SGMD). Both types of modified membranes demonstrated high performance in MTBE removal from its aqueous mixture. Among the membranes studied, CNIM-f provided the best performance in terms of flux, removal efficiency, mass transfer coefficients and overall selectivity. The immobilization f-CNTs and GO altered the surface characteristics of the membrane and enhanced partition coefficients, and thus assisted MTBE transport across the membrane. The MTBE flux reached as high as 1.4 kg/m2 h with f-CNTs, which was 22% higher than that of the unmodified PTFE membrane. The maximum MTBE removal using CNIM-f reached 56% at 0.5 wt % of the MTBE in water, and at a temperature of 30 °C. With selectivity as high as 60, MTBE recovery from contaminated water is very viable using these nanocarbon-immobilized membranes.

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Section: Mass Transfer Coefficientsmentioning

confidence: 58%

Removal and Recovery of Methyl Tertiary Butyl Ether (MTBE) from Water Using Carbon Nanotube and Graphene Oxide Immobilized Membranes

2020

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“…Solutions to improve water management by a modification of the cathode CL microstructure can be achieved through a tailored addition of PTFE to decrease hydrophilicity from the interior to the exterior of nanopores (see Figure 4). The generated Laplace pressure difference between cathode and anode can be used to push water toward the ionomer, water menisci pinned at PTFE edges to enhance evaporation (a similar approach to that used in PTFE membranes in separation processes (Lu et al, 2017;Wang et al, 2020b)), and the external hydrophobic surface outside nanopores to facilitate the transport of liquid water to the cathode MPL. A tapered geometry with a narrow tip at the PTFE surface could also be incorporated to increase the Laplace pressure difference and enhance water transport to ionomer (i.e., anode side)-a rather similar mechanism to that used by some varieties of cactus for water harvesting Malik et al (2016).…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

On the optimal cathode catalyst layer for polymer electrolyte fuel cells: Bimodal pore size distributions with functionalized microstructures

2022

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A high advancement has been achieved in the design of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) since the development of thin-film catalyst layers (CLs). However, the progress has slowed down in the last decade due to the difficulty in reducing Pt loading, especially at the cathode side, while preserving high stack performance. This situation poses a barrier to the widespread commercialization of fuel cell vehicles, where high performance and durability are needed at a reduced cost. Exploring the technology limits is necessary to adopt successful strategies that can allow the development of improved PEMFCs for the automotive industry. In this work, a numerical model of an optimized cathode CL is presented, which combines a multiscale formulation of mass and charge transport at the nanoscale (∼10nm) and at the layer scale (∼1μm). The effect of exterior oxygen and ohmic transport resistances are incorporated through mixed boundary conditions. The optimized CL features a vertically aligned geometry of equally spaced ionomer pillars, which are covered by a thin nanoporous electron-conductive shell. The interior surface of cylindrical nanopores is catalyzed with a Pt skin (atomic thickness), so that triple phase points are provided by liquid water. The results show the need to develop thin CLs with bimodal pore size distributions and functionalized microstructures to maximize the utilization of water-filled nanopores in which oxygen transport is facilitated compared with ionomer thin films. Proton transport across the CL must be assisted by low-tortuosity ionomer regions, which provide highways for proton transport. Large secondary pores are beneficial to facilitate oxygen distribution and water removal. Ultimate targets set by the U.S. Department of Energy and other governments can be achieved by an optimization of the CL microstructure with a high electrochemical surface area, a reduction of the oxygen transport resistance from the channel to the CL, and an increase of the catalyst activity (or maintaining a similar activity with Pt alloys). Carbon-free supports (e.g., polymer or metal) are preferred to avoid corrosion and enlarge durability.

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“…Various methods are employed for the recovery of isoamyl alcohol, including distillation, adsorption, and solvent extraction. Distillation is commonly utilized to separate isoamyl alcohol from other alcohols and impurities based on differences in their boiling points [25,33,42,43]. Adsorption and solvent extraction techniques have been used.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recovery of Isoamyl Alcohol by Graphene Oxide Immobilized Membrane and Air-Sparged Membrane Distillation

Bhoumick,

Paul,

Roy

et al. 2024

Membranes

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Isoamyl alcohol is an important biomass fermentation product that can be used as a gasoline surrogate, jet fuel precursor, and platform molecule for the synthesis of fine chemicals and pharmaceuticals. This study reports on the use of graphene oxide immobilized membra (GOIMs) for the recovery of isoamyl alcohol from an aqueous matrix. The separation was performed using air-sparged membrane distillation (ASMD). In contrast to a conventional PTFE membrane, which exhibited minimal separation, preferential adsorption on graphene oxide within GOIMs resulted in highly selective isoamyl alcohol separation. The separation factor reached 6.7, along with a flux as high as 1.12 kg/m2 h. Notably, the overall mass transfer coefficients indicated improvements with a GOIM. Optimization via response surfaces showed curvature effects for the separation factor due to the interaction effects. An empirical model was generated based on regression equations to predict the flux and separation factor. This study demonstrates the potential of GOIMs and ASMD for the efficient recovery of higher alcohols from aqueous solutions, highlighting the practical applications of these techniques for the production of biofuels and bioproducts.

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Membrane Distillation of Butanol from Aqueous Solution with Polytetrafluoroethylene Membrane

Cited by 16 publications

References 33 publications

Removal and Recovery of Methyl Tertiary Butyl Ether (MTBE) from Water Using Carbon Nanotube and Graphene Oxide Immobilized Membranes

Removal and Recovery of Methyl Tertiary Butyl Ether (MTBE) from Water Using Carbon Nanotube and Graphene Oxide Immobilized Membranes

On the optimal cathode catalyst layer for polymer electrolyte fuel cells: Bimodal pore size distributions with functionalized microstructures

Recovery of Isoamyl Alcohol by Graphene Oxide Immobilized Membrane and Air-Sparged Membrane Distillation

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