Membrane Bioreactor (MBR) as an Advanced Wastewater Treatment Technology

Radjenović, Jelena; Matošić, Marin; Mijatović, Ivan; Petrović, Mira; Barceló, Damià

doi:10.1007/698_5_093

Cited by 52 publications

(49 citation statements)

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“…Ozonation can allow obtaining the removal efficiency even up to 98%. Combined ozonation with H 2 O 2 allows sufficient removal of diclofenac [7,21]. The concentration of diclofenac in treated wastewater ranged from 140 to 1480 g/dm 3 (in the samples from 5 EU countries) [22].…”

Section: Diclofenacmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fate and Removal of Pharmaceuticals and Illegal Drugs Present in Drinking Water and Wastewater

Szymonik

Lach

Malińska

2017

Ecological Chemistry and Engineering S

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Rapid development of pharmaceutical industry, and thus widespread availability of different types of therapeutical and increased intake of pharmaceuticals, results in elevated concentrations of pharmaceuticals in municipal wastewater subjected to treatment in wastewater treatment plants. Pharmaceuticals present in raw wastewater discharged from hospitals, households, veterinary and health care clinics eventually end up in wastewater treatment plants. Commonly applied methods for treating wastewater do not allow complete removal of these contaminants. As a consequence, pharmaceuticals still present in treated wastewater are introduced to water environment. The most frequently identified pharmaceuticals in surface water belong to the following groups: non steroidal anti inflammatory drugs, beta-blockers, estrogens and lipid regulators. The most difficult is removal of diclofenac, clofibric acid and carbamazepine as these substances show low biodegradability. Diclofenac can be removed in the process of wastewater treatment by 40%, carbamazepine by 10%, and clofibric acid from 26 to 50%. The presence of diclofenac sodium in the rivers in Poland was confirmed and the concentrations were following: 380 ng/dm 3 (the Warta river), 470 ng/dm 3 (the Odra river), 140 ng/dm 3 (the Vistula river). Naproxene was found in the Warta river at the concentration of 100 ng/dm 3 . The presence of pharmaceuticals in surface water can be toxic to aqueous microorganisms and fish. Recent studies confirmed also the presence of pharmaceuticals in drinking water. This is considered as a problem especially in urban agglomerations such as Berlin or large cities in Spain and China. The studies showed that pharmaceuticals were also identified in the samples taken from the Polish rivers and drinking water. The presence of naproxene and diclofenac at the concentrations of 13 and 4 ng/dm 3 was identified in drinking water sampled from water intakes in Poznan. Surface water and drinking water showed also the presence of illegal drugs.

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Section: Diclofenacmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fate and Removal of Pharmaceuticals and Illegal Drugs Present in Drinking Water and Wastewater

Szymonik

Lach

Malińska

2017

Ecological Chemistry and Engineering S

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“…Membrane fouling is a complex phenomenon, and its predominant causes can be summarized are as follows: (i) Macromolecular and colloidal sorption, (ii) biofilm growth and attachment; (iii) inorganic matter precipitation or scaling; and (iv) general material aging. Membrane fouling can be further classified as follows: (a) reversible fouling that can be removed by physical cleaning; (b) irreversible fouling that can be removed by chemical cleaning; and (c) irrecoverable fouling that cannot be removed by any cleaning [37]. Membrane fouling can be strategically controlled by concentration polarization suppression, optimization of physical and chemical cleaning protocols, pre-treatment of feed wastewater, and modification of biological content [37].…”

Section: Fouling In the Membrane Bioreactor Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Membrane fouling can be further classified as follows: (a) reversible fouling that can be removed by physical cleaning; (b) irreversible fouling that can be removed by chemical cleaning; and (c) irrecoverable fouling that cannot be removed by any cleaning [37]. Membrane fouling can be strategically controlled by concentration polarization suppression, optimization of physical and chemical cleaning protocols, pre-treatment of feed wastewater, and modification of biological content [37]. Concentration polarization can be reduced either by turbulence promotion or permeate flux reduction.…”

Section: Fouling In the Membrane Bioreactor Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The EPS predominantly contain carbohydrates, proteins, humic substances and nucleic acids. They constitute the primary infra-structure for biofilms and bacterial flocs, provide mechanical stability for cell structures, and facilitate biofilm adhesion to surfaces [37]. They can be generated by cell lysis, active excretion by microorganisms, spontaneous production of integral cellular components from the outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria, and hydrolysis of NOM present in feed waters [37].…”

Section: Fouling In the Membrane Bioreactor Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They constitute the primary infra-structure for biofilms and bacterial flocs, provide mechanical stability for cell structures, and facilitate biofilm adhesion to surfaces [37]. They can be generated by cell lysis, active excretion by microorganisms, spontaneous production of integral cellular components from the outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria, and hydrolysis of NOM present in feed waters [37]. Their dominant components are polysaccharides and certain proteins, and so they can potentially develop foulant gel layers and severely restrict membrane transport.…”

Section: Fouling In the Membrane Bioreactor Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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