MELCOR/MACCS simulation of the TMI-2 severe accident and initial recovery phases, off-site fission product release and consequences

Haste, T.; Birchley, J.; Cazzoli, E.G.; Vitazkova, J.

doi:10.1016/j.nucengdes.2005.11.012

Cited by 36 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Approximately 2.4-10 million curies of noble gasses (mainly Xe-133) and about 14 curies of I-131 were released. Simulation with MELCOR/MACCS estimated a total mass release of about 0.1 kg of noble gasses and 2.5 × 10 −7 kg of CsI [10]. This is an underestimation by 1000-fold and 15-fold, respectively, compared to the actual release estimate.…”

Section: Three-mile Island Accident Source Termmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…The PORV valve failed to close causing a small-break loss-of-coolant accident (SB-LOCA). Cooling to the core was performed through forced circulation until the reactor coolant pumps tripped due to high local void [10]. Part of the core was melted and fission products were released from the core to the primary containment which were then transported by the Makeup and Purification System to the auxiliary building.…”

Section: Three-mile Island Accident Source Termmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Probabilistic Dose Assessment from SB-LOCA Accident in Ujung Lemahabang Using TMI-2 Source Term

Sunarko¹,

Su’ud²,

Arif³

et al. 2017

Science and Technology of Nuclear Installations

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Probabilistic dose assessment and mapping for nuclear accident condition are performed for Ujung Lemahabang site in Muria Peninsula region in Indonesia. Source term is obtained from Three-Mile Island unit 2 (TMI-2) PWR-type SB-LOCA reactor accident inverse modeling. Effluent consisted of Xe-133, Kr-88, I-131, and Cs-137 released from a 50 m stack. Lagrangian Particle Dispersion Method (LPDM) and 3-dimensional mass-consistent wind field are employed to obtain surface-level time-integrated air concentration and spatial distribution of ground-level total dose in dry condition. Site-specific meteorological data is obtained from hourly records obtained during the Site Feasibility Study period in Ujung Lemahabang. Effluent is released from a height of 50 meters in uniform rate during a 6-hour period and the dose is integrated during this period in a neutrally stable atmospheric condition. Maximum dose noted is below regulatory limit of 1 mSv and radioactive plume is spread mostly to the W-SW inland and to N-NE from the proposed plant to Java Sea. This paper has demonstrated for the first time a probabilistic analysis method for assessing possible spatial dose distribution, a hypothetical release, and a set of meteorological data for Ujung Lemahabang region.

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Section: Three-mile Island Accident Source Termmentioning

confidence: 87%

Section: Three-mile Island Accident Source Termmentioning

confidence: 99%

Probabilistic Dose Assessment from SB-LOCA Accident in Ujung Lemahabang Using TMI-2 Source Term

Sunarko¹,

Su’ud²,

Arif³

et al. 2017

Science and Technology of Nuclear Installations

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“…The deterministic effect is the "injury in populations of cells, characterised by a threshold dose and an increase in the severity of the reaction as the dose is increased further", where the stochastic effects are the "malignant disease and heritable effects for which the probability of an effect occurring, but not its severity, is regarded as a function of dose without threshold" [46]. Both effects are typically considered as the health effects from the radiological accidents [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16]. However, we decided not to include the deterministic effects into the scope of assessment.…”

Section: Determination Of Consequences To Be Consideredmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cost per severe accident as an index for severe accident consequence assessment and its applications

Silva¹,

Ishiwatari

Takahara

2014

Reliability Engineering & System Safety

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“…A number of literatures have discussed and reconstructed the amount of radioactive released to the atmosphere for several isotopes such as I-131, Cs-137, Kr-88 and Xe-133. Haste et.al., [5] through simulation with MELCOR/MACCS proposed a total mass of about 0.1 kg of noble gasses and 2.5×10 -7 kg of CsI. The radionuclide is assumed to be released in a 6-hour period from seconds 8.500 to 30.000 after the accident started.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The radionuclide is assumed to be released in a 6-hour period from seconds 8.500 to 30.000 after the accident started. Meteorological data in the model [5] was taken from Surry PWR which is about 200 1 miles away from TMI-2 site. The result of probabilistic analysis showed that average total calculated individual dose is less than 0.2 mSv at 95% probability and 0.4 mSv at 99% probability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radiological dose in Muria peninsula from SB-LOCA event

Sunarko

Su’ud

2017

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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Abstract. Dose assessment for accident condition is performed for Muria Peninsula region using source-term from Three-Mile Island unit 2 SB-LOCA accident. Xe-133, Kr-88, I-131 and Cs-137 isotopes are considered in the calculation. The effluent is assumed to be released from a 50 m stack. Lagrangian particle dispersion method (LPDM) employing non-Gaussian dispersion coefficient in 3-dimensional mass-consistent wind-field is employed to obtain periodic surface-level concentration which is then time-integrated to obtain spatial distribution of ground-level dose. In 1-hour simulation, segmented plumes with 60 seconds duration with a total of 18.000 particles involved. Simulations using 6-hour worst-case meteorological data from Muria peninsula results in a peak external dose of around 1.668 mSv for low scenario and 6.892 mSv for high scenario in dry condition. In wet condition with 5 mm/hour and 10 mm/hour rain for the whole duration of the simulation provides only minor effect to dose. The peak external dose is below the regulatory limit of 50 mSv for effective skin dose from external gamma exposure.

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MELCOR/MACCS simulation of the TMI-2 severe accident and initial recovery phases, off-site fission product release and consequences

Cited by 36 publications

References 5 publications

Probabilistic Dose Assessment from SB-LOCA Accident in Ujung Lemahabang Using TMI-2 Source Term

Probabilistic Dose Assessment from SB-LOCA Accident in Ujung Lemahabang Using TMI-2 Source Term

Cost per severe accident as an index for severe accident consequence assessment and its applications

Radiological dose in Muria peninsula from SB-LOCA event

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