Melatonin in Edible and Non-Edible Plants

Abstract

ÖZBitkilerde melatonin kavramı, son yıllarda, hem bitkiler hem de beslenme ve sağlığı koruma amacıyla bitkileri kullanan insanlar için oldukça önemli olmuştur. Enzimler aracılığıyla L-triptofandan sentezlenen melatonin bitkiyi zorlu koşullara karşı korumaktadır. İnsanlar antioksidan, immünomodülatör, antienflamatuvar ve antikanser etkilerinden dolayı bu bitkileri kullanmaktadır. Yenilebilen ve yenilemeyen bitki kısımlarında siklodeskstrinle modifiye edilmiş miseller elektrokinetik kromatografi, enzim bağlı immünosorban deneyi, radyoimmün test, yüksek performanslı sıvı kromatografisi, elektrokimyasal algılamalı sıvı kromatografisi, florometrik algılamalı sıvı kromatografisi, sıvı kromatografisi-kütle spektrometrisi ve sıvı kromatografisi-ultraviyole spektrofotometri yöntemleri ile tespit edilmiştir. Bu derlemede, melatoninin hem hayvanlarda hem de bitkilerde biyosentezi, özellikle tıbbi/yenilebilen ve yenilemeyen bitkilerde melatoninin fonksiyonu ve bu bitkilerde fitomelatonin içeriği sunulmuştur. Anahtar kelimeler: Melatonin, fitomelatonin, melatonin etkisiThe concept of melatonin has become more important recently both in plants and in human who utilize plants for nutritional and health purposes. Melatonin, synthesized from L-tryptophan by enzyms, protects plants against difficult conditions. People have consumed these plants for their antioxidant, immunomodulator, antiinflammatory and anticancer effects. In parts of edible and non-edible plants, levels of melatonin are determined by cyclodextrin-modified micellar electrokinetic chromatography, enzyme-linked immuno sorbent assay, radioimmunoassay, highperformance liquid chromatography, liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection, liquid chromatography with fluorimetric detection, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, and liquid chromatography-ultraviolet spectrophotometry. In this review, biosynthesis of melatonin in both animal and plants, function of melatonin in plant kingdom, especially in medicinal/edible and nonedible plants, and detection of phytomelatonin content in those plants are presented.

Melatonin: A biomolecule for mitigating postharvest chilling injury in fruits and vegetables

“…The issue is that a range of substances that have similar oxidation potentials and retention durations to MT may be present in plants (X. Huang & Mazza, 2011). MT was discovered for the first time in the brown alga, Pterygophora californica Rupr., and it was successfully separated from the other components of the extract using HPLC and ECD at 840 Mv (Çalişkan et al., 2017). MT and IAA levels in hypocotyls of white lupine ( Lupinus albus L.), canary grass ( Phalaris canariensis L.), wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.), barley ( Hordeum vulgare L.), and oat ( Avena sativa L.) were measured by Hernández‐Ruiz et al.…”

Phytomelatonin: a potential phytotherapeutic intervention on COVID-19-exposed individuals

“…Some researchers have used acetone-, Tricine-based extraction mixtures, sometimes including antioxidants, HClO 4 , or the chelator EDTA to extract melatonin from plants, while some suggested the use of potent hydroxyl radical scavengers (acetone, Tris/HCl, or Tricine/NaOH buffer) with added antioxidants [ 13 , 15 , 45 , 50 ]. Melatonin in plants can be converted to a volatile (e.g., pentafluoropropionyl – derivative and quantified by GC-MS. CG-MS, Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) has been used to identify melatonin in plants [ 13 , 51 ]. Furthermore, a more sensitive technique like HPLC with electrochemical detection, Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) or LC-MS, LC-MS are often used and in higher plants and algae [ 15 , 42 , 52 ] even though it is low in specificity – many compounds with similar oxidation potentials may have same retention times to melatonin [ 52 ].…”

Melatonin ve önemi

“…Turp bitkisi, beyaz dut yaprağı, buğday tohumu, asya pirinci, hünnap bitkisi, ahududu bitkisi, ıhlamur yaprağı ve aleovera gibi bitkilerde melatonin düzeyleri sırasıyla 485; 1510; 124.7; 1006; 256; 387; 410 ve 516 ng/g olarak belirtilmiştir [25]. Hypericum perforatum (çiçekleri), Tanacetum parthenium (çiçekleri), Piper nigrum L. (meyveleri) gibi tıbbi bitkilerde melotonin düzeyi sırasıyla 4490; 1920-2450; 1092.7ng/g kuru madde olarak rapor edilmiştir [23].…”