Melatonin and pregnancy in the human

Tamura, Hiroshi; Nakamura, Yasuhiko; Terrón, M. Pilar; Flores, Luis J.; Manchester, Lucien C.; Tan, Dun Xian; Sugino, Norihiro; Reíter, Russel J.

doi:10.1016/j.reprotox.2008.03.005

Cited by 255 publications

(218 citation statements)

References 214 publications

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“…Exposure to light at night due to an irregular sleep schedule increases the incidence of elevated blood pressure (8) and pregnancy complications (9); therefore, a regular sleep rhythm and quality of sleep are crucial issues during pregnancy. Melatonin, a neuroendocrine hormone secreted from the pineal gland (10), reaches maximum secretion levels 3-5 h after usual sleep-…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salivary melatonin levels and sleep-wake rhythms in pregnant women with hypertensive and glucose metabolic disorders: A prospective analysis

Shimada

Samejima

Hayase

et al. 2016

BST

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salivary melatonin levels and sleep-wake rhythms in pregnant women with hypertensive and glucose metabolic disorders: A prospective analysis

Shimada

Samejima

Hayase

et al. 2016

BST

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“…Moreover, pinealectomy associated with melatonin treatment in pregnant ewes changed the daily pattern of fetal breathing movements, suggesting that photoperiodic information provides the fetus with circadian variations through maternal melatonin. 23 Studies have suggested that melatonin has a role in ovarian physiology, given that high concentrations of melatonin have been detected in follicular fluid. 24 Additionally, the presence of melatonin receptors in the follicular cells of rats and mice 25,26 suggests possible melatonin production in the ovary.…”

Section: Melatonin and Reproductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…27 Its well-documented role as an antioxidant may be associated with follicular development and oocyte quality, interfering in processes such as oocyte maturation and ovulation. 23 One of the hormonal factors thought to regulate follicular development is melatonin. Studies demonstrating the presence of its receptors (MT1 and MT2) in the follicle support the hypothesis of its role in ovarian physiology.…”

Section: Melatonin and Reproductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of melatonin and prolactin in reproduction: review of literature

Tenorio

Simões

Teixeira

et al. 2015

Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras.

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Conflict of interest: noneThe pineal gland is responsible for producing a hormone called melatonin (MEL), and is accepted as the gland that regulates reproduction in mammals. Prolactin (PRL) also exhibits reproductive activity in animals in response to photoperiod. It is known that the concentrations of PRL are high in the summer and reduced during winter, the opposite of what is seen with melatonin in these seasons. In placental mammals, both prolactin and melatonin affect implantation, which is considered a critical point of pregnancy, since a successful pregnancy requires the development of a synchronous interaction between the endometrium and blastocyst for placental development. It is also known that PRL levels during pregnancy are essential for the maintenance of pregnancy, because this hormone induces the corpus luteum to produce progesterone, in addition to stimulating blastocyst implantation to maintain pregnancy and form the placenta. However, melatonin levels in plasma have also been shown to increase during pregnancy, peaking at the end of this period, which suggests that this hormone plays an important role in the maintenance of pregnancy. Thus, it is clear that treatment with prolactin or melatonin interferes with the processes responsible for the development and maintenance of pregnancy.Keywords: pineal gland, pregnancy, progesterone, estrogens. pineal glandThe pineal gland develops from the roof of the diencephalon, behind the third ventricle, measuring approximately 8x4mm in adults, and weighing approximately 0.1 to 0.18g. It originates from an evagination from the roof of the diencephalon, acquires a cone-like shape, and is located in the epithalamic region between the posterior and habenular commissures. A small ependymal recess from the third ventricle extends a short rod, which allows the connection of the pineal body to the roof of the diencephalon. It is almost completely surrounded by the pia mater. 1The pineal gland has a strong blood supply, and is the second organ (behind the kidney) with the highest blood flow in relation to tissue mass. The numerous capillaries within the parenchymal cells allow intense metabolic activity. The endothelium of the pineal is fenestrated. The blood supply is greater during the night, probably related to increased indole metabolism during these hours, that is, increased production of the hormone melatonin which is an indolamine. Removal of the superior cervical ganglion concomitantly decreases the metabolic activity of the gland and 2/3 of its normal blood flow. Most of this blood supply is provided by branches originating from the posterior choroidal arteries. 2The pineal differs from almost all of the brain by the absence of a blood-brain barrier, but resembles other periventricular glands, such as the median eminence, subfornical organ (SFO) and subcomissural organ (SCO), being derived from the ependymal cells in the roof of the third ventricle. Histologically, its parenchyma consists of two types of cells: pinealocytes and neuroglia. The pinealocytes ...

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“…На 2-й день после переноса процент эмбрионов высоко-го качества был выше по сравнению с эмбрионами, полученными в предыдущем цикле без применения мелатонина. Мелатонин способствовал созреванию яйцеклетки и развитию эмбриона за счет своих анти-оксидантных свойств, учитывая параметры окисли-тельного стресса, измеренные в фолликулярной жидкости яичников [27].…”

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