Melatonin ameliorates ionizing radiation-induced oxidative organ damage in rats

Şener, Göksel; Jahovic, Nermina; Tosun, Osman; Atasoy, Beste Melek; Yeğen, Berrak Ç.

doi:10.1016/j.lfs.2003.05.011

Cited by 98 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The increased concentration of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and nucleic acid in the rat liver, indicating high level of oxidative stress, markedly enhanced with increasing radiation dose (Makhlouf and Makhlouf, 2012); similar observations were reported on radiation-induced oxidative damage in several organs (Bhatia and Manda, 2004;Sener et al, 2003) and mitochondrial. Ionizing radiation generates ROS as a result of water radiolysis.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 55%

“…This study suggests that the energy-radiation induced by cesium-137 source, produced a significant oxidative damage in the rats after whole body exposure. It has been reported that whole-body exposure of rats to high energy radiation from Co-60 causes tissue damage in several organs, as assessed by increased lipid peroxidation 2 and 12 h after irradiation (Sener et al, 2003).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The biochemical changes in rats blood serum levels exposed to different gamma radiation doses

Abdelhalim¹,

Moussa²

2013

Afr. J. Pharm. Pharmacol.

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This study aimed to address the different gamma radiations doses effect on the liver and kidney function of rats: in vivo. A total of 60 healthy male Wistar-Kyoto rats were whole body gamma irradiated with Co 60 source with 0.883 cG/sec dose rate at the beginning of the experiment. The rats were randomly divided into 4 gamma-irradiation groups (25, 50, 75 and 100 Gy) The serum levels of activity of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT), UREA, creatinine (CREA) and uric acid (UAC) were measured using automated biochemical analyzer. The ALT, GGT, ALP values significantly decreased with the different gamma radiation doses compared with the control. The AST and UREA values significantly decreased after irradiation with 25 and 50 Gy gamma radiation doses compared with the control while it significantly increased with 75 and 100 Gy gamma radiation doses. The levels of CREA values decreased with no significant manner after the irradiation with gamma radiation doses compared with the control. The levels of UAC values significantly increased with 50, 75 and 100 Gy gamma radiation doses. The serum ALT and AST levels are common markers for hepatic toxicity: A lower amount of ALP indicates liver problems. The decreased CREA and the increased UAC levels might indicate development of nephritis and renal dysfunction. The excess UAC might be converted to crystals depositing in the tiny tubes of the kidney and causing acute kidney damage. It is proposed that oxidative stress is linked to the organ damage following exposure to ionizing radiation, and after the onset of oxidative stress, antioxidant treatment should be applied to delay or prevent the progression of damage.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 55%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The biochemical changes in rats blood serum levels exposed to different gamma radiation doses

Abdelhalim¹,

Moussa²

2013

Afr. J. Pharm. Pharmacol.

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“…It has been shown that melatonin is an effective antioxidant and a free radical scavenger. Due to its small size and high lipophilicity, melatonin can cross biological membranes easily and reach all compartments within the cell [21] , thus protecting DNA, proteins, and biological membrane lipids from the deleterious effects of free radicals [22] . It has been found that melatonin has a higher antioxidant efficiency than vitamin E and GSH, which are known as powerful antioxidants [10] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Melatonin ameliorates experimental hepatic fibrosis induced by carbon tetrachloride in rats

Ren¹,

Xu²,

Qiao³

2009

WJG

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AIM:To investigate the protective effects of melatonin on carbon tetrachloride (CCl 4 )-induced hepatic fibrosis in experimental rats. METHODS:All rats were randomly divided into normal control group, model control group treated with CCl 4 for 12 wk, CCl 4 + NAC group treated with CCl 4 + NAC (100 mg/kg, i.p.) for 12 wk, CCl 4 + MEL-1 group treated with CCl 4 + melatonin (2.5 mg/kg) for 12 wk, CCl 4 + MEL-2 group treated with CCl 4 + melatonin (5.0 mg/kg) for 12 wk, and CCl 4 + MEL-3 group treated with CCl 4 + melatonin (10 mg/kg). Rats in the treatment groups were injected subcutaneously with sterile CCl 4 (3 mL/kg, body weight) in a ratio of 2:3 with olive oil twice a week. Rats in normal control group received hypodermic injection of olive oil at the same dose and frequency as those in treatment groups. At the end of experiment, rats in each group were anesthetized and sacrificed. Hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining and Van Gieson staining were used to examine changes in liver pathology. Serum activities of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and protein concentration were measured with routine laboratory methods using an autoanalyzer. Hydroxyproline (HYP) content in liver and malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) levels in liver homogenates were assayed by spectrophotometry. Serum hyaluronic acid (HA), laminin (LN), and procollagen Ⅲ N-terminal peptide (PⅢNP) were determined by radioimmunoassay. RESULTS:Pathologic grading showed that the fibrogenesis was much less severe in CCl 4 + MEL3 group than in model control group (u = 2.172, Moreover, treatment with melatonin (5, 10 mg/kg) significantly reduced the MDA content and increased the GPx activity in liver homogenates compared with model control group (MDA: 7.89 ± 1.49 noml/mg prot vs 6.29 ± 1.42 noml/mg prot and 6.25 ± 2.27 noml/mg prot, respectively, P = 0.015, P = 0.015; GPx: 49.13 ± 8.72 U/mg prot vs 57.38 ± 7.65 U/mg prot and 61.39 ± 13.15 U/mg prot, respectively, P = 0.035, P = 0.003). CONCLUSION:Melatonin can ameliorate CCl 4 -induced hepatic fibrosis in rats. The protective effect of melatonin on hepatic fibrosis may be related to its antioxidant activities.

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“…However, organisms have protective systems against free radical reactions, such as endogenous antioxidants and antioxidative enzymes [19] . The results of recent studies demonstrated that total body irradiation in rats causes tissue damage in kidneys, liver, lungs, colon and ileum [20] . TR and TRX may be potential molecular targets for anticancer and sensitizing agents [21] .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Two Different Dose Levels of Irradiation on Thioredoxin Reductase in the Kidney of Guinea Pigs

Güney¹,

Turkcu²,

Kılıç³

et al. 2006

American J. of Immunology

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Abstract:It is aimed to examine the state of the oxidant-antioxidant system in the liver of guinea pig caused by ionizing radiation at two different dose levels in the early period. The research was carried out on guinea pigs irradiated with the doses of 8 Gy (group 2) or 15 Gy (group 3) (single dose/whole body) in comparison with control group (group 1). The levels of thioredoxin reductase (TR) in the kidney was measured. The results obtained by non-irradiated and irradiated (8 Gy and 15 Gy) kidneys on guinea pigs indicated that; in 8-15 Gy irradiated animal kidneys TR activity elevated significantly (p<0.001) when compared to the controls, but there was no difference between 8 Gy and 15 Gy irradiated animal groups. The data have shown that gamma-irradiation results in significant increase in TR activity at two different dose levels.

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Melatonin ameliorates ionizing radiation-induced oxidative organ damage in rats

Cited by 98 publications

References 26 publications

The biochemical changes in rats blood serum levels exposed to different gamma radiation doses

The biochemical changes in rats blood serum levels exposed to different gamma radiation doses

Melatonin ameliorates experimental hepatic fibrosis induced by carbon tetrachloride in rats

Effects of Two Different Dose Levels of Irradiation on Thioredoxin Reductase in the Kidney of Guinea Pigs

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