Melatonin alleviates LPS‐induced endoplasmic reticulum stress and inflammation in spermatogonial stem cells

Abstract

Orchitis is one of the leading causes of male animal infertility and is associated with inflammatory reactions caused by the bacterium. It has been reported that there is a mutual coupling effect between endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) and inflammatory response. Our studies showed that lipopolysaccharide (LPS) could cause testicular damages, apoptosis, ERS, and inflammatory responses in spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs); ERS‐related apoptosis proteins were activated and the expression of ERS genes was significantly upregulated; meanwhile, the expression of Toll‐like receptor 4 and inflammation factors was apparently increased with LPS treatment. Moreover, melatonin (MEL) could rescue testicular damage, and significantly inhibited the expression of ERS‐related apoptosis genes, ERS markers, and inflammatory factors in SSCs and MEL played repairing and anti‐infection roles in LPS‐induced testicular damage. Therefore, MEL may be used as a drug to prevent and control bacterial infections in male reproductive systems. However, the specific molecular mechanism of MEL to resist ERS and inflammatory response remains to be further studied.

Melatonin regulates proliferation, apoptosis and invasion of trophoblasts in preeclampsia by inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress

“…12,27 MT is a kind of antioxidant which was proved to attenuate LPS-induced inflammation and ERS in spermatogonial stem cells. 28,29 In our study, the serum level of MT expression in PE patients was decreased compared with that in healthy controls, which was consistent with measurement on placental MT production and MT receptor expressions in a previous study. 30 In this study, we first detected the decreased expression of MT and activated ERS both in the serum of PE patients and in the placenta tissues.…”

“…Despite evidence supporting the implication of epigenetic regulation of placental gene expression in PE, ischemia/hypoxia, inflammation, oxidative stress and ERS are also believed to have certain roles to play in the pathophysiology of PE 12,27 . MT is a kind of antioxidant which was proved to attenuate LPS‐induced inflammation and ERS in spermatogonial stem cells 28,29 . In our study, the serum level of MT expression in PE patients was decreased compared with that in healthy controls, which was consistent with measurement on placental MT production and MT receptor expressions in a previous study 30 .…”

Microbiome-Metabolomics Reveals Prebiotic Benefits of Fucoidan Supplementation in Mice

“…Intraperitoneal administration of LPS caused neuroinflammatory response and spatial learning impairments [19]. LPS led to testicular damage, apoptosis, and inflammation in spermatogonial stem cells [20]. Interestingly, Lactobacillus gasseri and Lactobacillus reuteri, enriched by fucoidan supplementation, showed negative associations with serum LPS concentration, which is consistent with the general anti-inflammatory characteristics of Lactobacillus gasseri and Lactobacillus reuteri populations [21,22].…”

Melatonin and Related Compounds: Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Actions

“…Melatonin has also been explored as a treatment option for another inflammatory condition, infectious orchitis, which is the result of testicular bacterial infection that can cause inflammation and temporary or permanent infertility. It has been shown that melatonin reduced testicular damage in spermatogonial stem cells, by preventing pathological reactions associated with endoplasmic reticulum stress and inflammation [21]. Deng et al further investigated the anti-inflammatory potential of melatonin both in vivo and ex vivo in orchitis [22].…”