Melatonin and Related Compounds: Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Actions

Bantounou, Maria Anna; Plascevic, Josip; Galley, Helen F.

doi:10.3390/antiox11030532

Cited by 25 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Among patients with laboratory-confirmed CDI, exposure to melatonin incurred a lower risk of the development of recurrent CDI compared to no exposure to melatonin. CDI has a strong association with inflammation, and our finding of lower rates of recurrent CDI among patients exposed to melatonin is consistent with published data demonstrating the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties of melatonin [ 30 , 31 , 32 ]. Further, our results demonstrate unique research on drug repurposing through the integration of patient-level longitudinal data complimenting published pre-clinical data.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Melatonin as an Antimicrobial Adjuvant and Anti-Inflammatory for the Management of Recurrent Clostridioides difficile Infection

et al. 2022

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Background: Clostridioides difficile (C. difficile) infection (CDI) is strongly associated with inflammation and has the potential to cause recurrent infections. Pre-clinical data suggest that melatonin has beneficial effects in the gastrointestinal tract due to its anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties. This analysis examines the association between melatonin and the risk of recurrent CDI. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted among patients with an inpatient diagnosis of CDI along with a positive C. difficile polymerase chain reaction (PCR) or enzyme immunoassay (EIA) test result. Patients were followed until the first study end point (death) or the first instance of recurrent infection. Propensity-score weighting was utilized accounting for confounding factors and weighted Cox models were estimated. Results: A total of 24,782 patients met the inclusion criteria, consisting of 3457 patients exposed to melatonin and 21,325 patients with no melatonin exposure. The results demonstrate that those exposed to melatonin were associated with a 21.6% lower risk of recurrent CDI compared to patients without melatonin exposure (HR = 0.784; 95% CI = 0.674–0.912). Conclusion: Our results demonstrate a decreased rate of recurrent CDI in patients exposed to melatonin. Further research on melatonin as an antimicrobial adjuvant and anti-inflammatory is warranted for the management of recurrent CDI.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Melatonin as an Antimicrobial Adjuvant and Anti-Inflammatory for the Management of Recurrent Clostridioides difficile Infection

et al. 2022

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“…As we observed in the study that it reduced the level of malondialdehyde and increased the activity of SOD. These actions of melatonin may prevent the muscle degradation under oxidative stress of lambs after weaning (42). Most importantly, it was observed that melatonin treatment increased the cross-sectional area of muscle fiber and adipose tissue cells.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Melatonin promotes the growth and development of lambs by increasing growth hormone and testosterone, targeting on apoptosis signaling pathway and intestinal microflora

Yan

et al. 2022

Front. Endocrinol.

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Melatonin is an indole-like neuroendocrine hormone. A large number of studies have shown that melatonin can improve production performance of ewes, but it is not clear in lambs. In this study, the growth and development of the 2-month-old lambs implanted with melatonin were monitored for 60 days. The results showed that the growth rate of body weight and body skew length of lambs with melatonin treatment were significantly improved compared to the controls. The similar results were also observed in red blood cell count, hematocrit, red blood cell volume distribution width, the levels of growth hormone, testosterone, immunoglobulin A, immunoglobulin M and albumin. In addition, the cross sectional area of muscle fibers and adipose cells of lambs with melatonin implantation were also significantly increased compared to the controls (P<0.05). To further explore the potential mechanisms, the muscle and adipose tissue were selected for transcriptome sequencing. KEGG enrichment results showed that melatonin regulated the expression of genes related to apoptotic signaling pathway in muscle and adipocytes. Since the intestinal microbiota are involved in the nutritional balance and animal growth, the 16SrRNA sequencing related to the intestinal microbiota was also performed. The data indicated that the structural differences of fecal microflora mainly occur in the pathways of Cardiovascular disease, Excretory system and Signaling molecules and interaction. In brief, melatonin promotes the growth and development of lambs. The potential mechanisms may be that melatonin increased the growth hormone and testosterone mediated apoptosis signaling pathway and regulated intestinal microbial flora. Our results provide valuable information for melatonin to improve the production of sheep husbandry in the future.

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“…Elderly individuals may also be more susceptible to serotonergic and melatonergic system errors due to known lower amounts of biota diversity. Both serotonergic and melatonergic systems are also prone to immune and inflammatory responses, adding to the complexities of the gut-brain axis [ 44 ].…”

Section: Scientific Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is Melatonin the “Next Vitamin D”?: A Review of Emerging Science, Clinical Uses, Safety, and Dietary Supplements

Minich

Henning²,

Darley

et al. 2022

Nutrients

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Melatonin has become a popular dietary supplement, most known as a chronobiotic, and for establishing healthy sleep. Research over the last decade into cancer, Alzheimer’s disease, multiple sclerosis, fertility, PCOS, and many other conditions, combined with the COVID-19 pandemic, has led to greater awareness of melatonin because of its ability to act as a potent antioxidant, immune-active agent, and mitochondrial regulator. There are distinct similarities between melatonin and vitamin D in the depth and breadth of their impact on health. Both act as hormones, affect multiple systems through their immune-modulating, anti-inflammatory functions, are found in the skin, and are responsive to sunlight and darkness. In fact, there may be similarities between the widespread concern about vitamin D deficiency as a “sunlight deficiency” and reduced melatonin secretion as a result of “darkness deficiency” from overexposure to artificial blue light. The trend toward greater use of melatonin supplements has resulted in concern about its safety, especially higher doses, long-term use, and application in certain populations (e.g., children). This review aims to evaluate the recent data on melatonin’s mechanisms, its clinical uses beyond sleep, safety concerns, and a thorough summary of therapeutic considerations concerning dietary supplementation, including the different formats available (animal, synthetic, and phytomelatonin), dosing, timing, contraindications, and nutrient combinations.

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Melatonin and Related Compounds: Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Actions

Abstract: Melatonin, an indoleamine derived from tryptophan and produced in the pineal gland and other tissues [...]

Cited by 25 publications

References 39 publications

Melatonin as an Antimicrobial Adjuvant and Anti-Inflammatory for the Management of Recurrent Clostridioides difficile Infection

Melatonin as an Antimicrobial Adjuvant and Anti-Inflammatory for the Management of Recurrent Clostridioides difficile Infection

Melatonin promotes the growth and development of lambs by increasing growth hormone and testosterone, targeting on apoptosis signaling pathway and intestinal microflora

Is Melatonin the “Next Vitamin D”?: A Review of Emerging Science, Clinical Uses, Safety, and Dietary Supplements

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