Melanoma metastasis: What role does melanin play? (Review)

Saud, Anoosha; Sagineedu, Sreenivasa Rao; Ng, Hui-Suan; Stanslas, Johnson; Lim, Jonathan Chee Woei

doi:10.3892/or.2022.8432

Cited by 11 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 71 publications

(191 reference statements)

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“…Therefore, close examination of skin lesions in patients with MEN1 might prove useful. Despite potential menin involvement in the development of melanoma, germline MEN1 mutations are not prone to this malignancy, as, for instance, has been found with other genes such as CDKN2A [ 93 , 126 , 127 ]. Other hormonal dysfunctions involving growth factors, growth hormone–IGF-1 axes, or estrogens/estrogen receptor status have been reported in melanoma without a clear connection to endocrine tumors underlying MEN1 [ 128 , 129 , 130 , 131 , 132 , 133 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Approach of Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1 (MEN1) Syndrome–Related Skin Tumors

et al. 2022

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Non-endocrine findings in patients with MEN1 (multiple endocrine neoplasia) syndrome also include skin lesions, especially tumor-type lesions. This is a narrative review of the English-language medical literature including original studies concerning MEN1 and dermatological issues (apart from dermatologic features of each endocrine tumor/neuroendocrine neoplasia), identified through a PubMed-based search (based on clinical relevance, with no timeline restriction or concern regarding the level of statistical significance). We identified 27 original studies involving clinical presentation of patients with MEN1 and cutaneous tumors; eight other original studies that also included the genetic background; and four additional original studies were included. The largest cohorts were from studies in Italy (N = 145 individuals), Spain (N = 90), the United States (N = 48 and N = 32), and Japan (N = 28). The age of patients varied from 18 to 76 years, with the majority of individuals in their forties. The most common cutaneous tumors are angiofibromas (AF), collagenomas (CG), and lipomas (L). Other lesions are atypical nevi, basocellular carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, acrochordons, papillomatosis confluens et reticularis, gingival papules, and cutaneous T-cell lymphoma of the eyelid. Non-tumor aspects are confetti-like hypopigmentation, café-au-lait macules, and gingival papules. MEN1 gene, respective menin involvement has also been found in melanomas, but the association with MEN1 remains debatable. Typically, cutaneous tumors (AF, CG, and L) are benign and are surgically treated only for cosmetic reasons. Some of them are reported as first presentation. Even though skin lesions are not pathognomonic, recognizing them plays an important role in early identification of MEN1 patients. Whether a subgroup of MEN1 subjects is prone to developing these types of cutaneous lesions and how they influence MEN1 evolution is still an open issue.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Approach of Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1 (MEN1) Syndrome–Related Skin Tumors

et al. 2022

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“…It has recently been demonstrated that melanin affects formation and metastasis of melanoma 2 with different stages of melanoma being associated with different conformations of melanin 3 . Being able to accurately discriminate what type of melanin and surrounding tissue is present in the eye has potential to better prognose disease outcome.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards high-accuracy noninvasive ocular melanoma imaging and prognostics

Cheburkanov,

Yakovlev

2024

Optical Biopsy XXII: Toward Real-Time Spectroscopic Imaging and Diagnosis

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Ocular melanoma, albeit being rare, is an aggressive type of cancer, developing within the interior of a person’s eye. Location of this malignant growth increases severity of this type of cancer. It commonly develops in the middle layer of the eye, referred to as uvea. Melanoma develops from melanocytes, with a 90% of cases observed in posterior uvea (choroid). Complications from this type of cancer include metastasis in the liver. To avoid such outcome and improve treatments we are proposing application of fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) to distinguish metastatic and non-metastatic melanomas. In the reported here preliminary study, we evaluate the system requirements for FLIM imaging of melanin-based tissues and structures.

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“…Recent translational studies have dissected the mechanism of an immune suppression effect of liver metastasis [ 2 ]. Consequently, there is urgent demand for effective interventions to overcome the immune suppressive effect of liver metastasis [ 3 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Size selection of intrahepatic lesions for cryoablation contributes to abscopal effect and long-term survival in patients with liver metastatic melanoma receiving PD-1 blockade therapy

Shen,

Tan,

Nie

et al. 2024

Cancer Immunol Immunother

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Objectives In this study, we aimed to examine parameters of cryoablation, tumor characteristics, and their correlations with distant tumor response and survival of liver metastatic melanoma patients receiving cryoablation and PD-1 blockade (cryo-PD-1) combination treatment. Materials and methods A retrospective study was conducted among 45 melanoma patients who received combined PD-1 blockade therapy and cryoablation for liver metastasis from 2018 to 2022. Cox regression was utilized to determine the associations between factors and overall survival (OS). Changes in cytokines and immune cell compositions in peripheral blood samples following the combined treatment were investigated, along with their correlations with treatment response. Results The mean cycle of cryo-PD-1 combination treatment was 2.2 (range, 1–6), and the 3-month overall response rate (RECIST 1.1 criteria) was 26.7%. Of the 21 patients who failed previous PD-1 blockade therapy after diagnosis of liver metastasis, 4 (19.0%) achieved response within 3 months since combination treatment. The diameter of ablated lesion ≤ 30 mm, metastatic organs ≤ 2, and pre-treatment LDH level ≤ 300 U/L were independent prognostic factors for favorable OS. Further analysis showed patients with intrahepatic tumor size of 15–45 mm, and ablated lesion size of ≤ 30 mm had significantly higher 3-month response rate (42.9% vs 12.5%; P = 0.022) and survival time (30.5 vs 14.2 months; P = 0.045) than their counterparts. The average increase in NLR among patients with ablated tumor size of ≤ 3 cm and > 3 cm were 3.59 ± 5.01 and 7.21 ± 12.57, respectively. The average increase in serum IL-6 levels among patients with ablated tumor size of ≤ 3 cm and > 3 cm were 8.62 ± 7.95 pg/ml and 15.40 ± 11.43 pg/ml, respectively. Conclusion Size selection of intrahepatic lesions for cryoablation is important in order to achieve abscopal effect and long-term survival among patients with liver metastatic melanoma receiving PD-1 blockade therapy.

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Melanoma metastasis: What role does melanin play? (Review)

Cited by 11 publications

References 71 publications

Approach of Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1 (MEN1) Syndrome–Related Skin Tumors

Approach of Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1 (MEN1) Syndrome–Related Skin Tumors

Towards high-accuracy noninvasive ocular melanoma imaging and prognostics

Size selection of intrahepatic lesions for cryoablation contributes to abscopal effect and long-term survival in patients with liver metastatic melanoma receiving PD-1 blockade therapy

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