Medullary thyroid carcinoma: a narrative historical review

Wong, Amanda; Nabata, Kylie; Wiseman, Sam M.

doi:10.1080/14737140.2022.2089118

Cited by 7 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 129 publications

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“…RET gene mutation analysis was performed by polymerase chain reaction testing, as described previously ( 4 , 8 , 9 ), using the TaKaRa Ex Taq kit and ABI Prism 3100 Genetic Analyzer. Immunohistochemical analysis for CEA, chromogranin A (CgA), Ct, and Ki-67 was performed for all patients.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…If MTC was diagnosed based on the postoperative pathologic findings, the decision on reoperation was made in consideration of the patient's willingness, tumor's characteristics, and surgeon's preference (16). RET gene mutation analysis was performed by polymerase chain reaction testing, as described previously (4,8,9), using the TaKaRa Ex Taq kit and ABI Prism 3100 Genetic Analyzer. Immunohistochemical analysis for CEA, chromogranin A (CgA), Ct, and Ki-67 was performed for all patients.…”

Section: Treatment and Follow-upmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although sporadic MTC is usually well differentiated, less aggressive, and has a low growth rate ( 3 ), it has unpredictable outcomes. Complete tumor excision is currently the only curative therapy; thus, early diagnosis of MTC is essential ( 4 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Oncologic outcomes of calcitonin-negative medullary thyroid carcinoma

Yue

Zhang

2022

Front. Endocrinol.

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ObjectiveCalcitonin (Ct)-negative medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) is a rare neuroendocrine tumor. This study aimed to clarify its incidence, clinicopathologic characteristics, management, and treatment outcome.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed data of patients with primary MTC. Patients were divided into two groups according to the preoperative serum Ct level (Ct-negative and Ct-positive). The demographic, pathologic, and molecular characteristics, and treatment outcomes were compared between the two groups. In the Ct-negative group, we analyzed the association between the operation type and treatment outcome.ResultsOf the total 312 patients, 24 were diagnosed with Ct-negative MTC. The rate of lymph node metastasis was significantly higher in the Ct-positive than in the Ct-negative group (47.9% vs. 0%, p<0.001). The proportion of patients with Ki-67 ≤10% was significantly higher in the Ct-negative than in the Ct-positive group (87.5% vs. 38.2%, p<0.001). Excellent response was achieved by 91.7% and 34.7% of patients in the Ct-negative and Ct-positive groups, respectively (p<0.001). In the Ct-negative group, excellent response was achieved by all female patients, but only 50% of male patients.ConclusionsCt-negative MTC is rare and unlikely to develop lymph node metastasis. Unilateral lobectomy tends to provide a satisfactory chance of excellent response; however, this requires further validation.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Treatment and Follow-upmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Oncologic outcomes of calcitonin-negative medullary thyroid carcinoma

Yue

Zhang

2022

Front. Endocrinol.

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“…Acute elevation or reduction of calcium levels leads, respectively, to an increase and decrease in calcitonin secretion (Hsiao et al, 2020;Xie et al, 2020). Although other factors have been described as stimulating calcitonin secretion, pentagastrin (mainly) and the administration of venous calcium are true secretagogues, being important agents for the clinical evaluation of calcitonin secretion by normal and neoplastic cells (Wondisford, 2020;Wong, Nabata, & Wiseman, 2022). Some authors suggested that calcitonin is also responsible for the alteration of the postoperative calcium concentration in thyroidectomies (Băetu, Olariu, Nițu, et al, 2021;Băetu, Olariu, Stancu, et al, 2021;Tausanovic et al, 2021).…”

Section: Calcitoninmentioning

confidence: 99%

Post-thyroidectomy hypocalcemia and related complications

Al-Roubaie

2022

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The incidence of post-thyroidectomy hypocalcemia is high while the factors involved include age (> 50 years), type of operation, operative time, neck dissection, histology of the surgical specimen and vocal fold paralysis. Low ionic calcium concentrations are indicative of the presence of symptoms of hypocalcemia and the need for oral calcium. Progression to definitive hypoparathyroidism occurs only in patients with clinical manifestations of post-thyroidectomy hypocalcemia. In general, the problem with post-surgical hypoparathyroidism resides in the surgical procedure itself. The most common are related to neuronal hyperexcitability, which explains the paresthesias, cramps and numbness, which usually start in the perioral region and on the fingertips. Muscle spasms and muscle stiffness are also common. When severe, hypocalcemia can lead to life-threatening spastic tetany, laryngospasm, and seizures. The current manuscript aimed to present a review of the bibliography on thyroidectomy and negative impact of its complications on human health, mainly because of a higher risk for developing hypocalcemia. To achieve the study goal, this review covered most recent published articles from 2017 onward.

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“…Thyroid cancer also includes differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC; including papillary, folliculous, and Hürthle cell) and anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC). Different from DTC and ATC, MTC originates from the c-cells near the follicles which secrete calcitonin ( 2 ). Moreover, in comparison with DTC, MTC patients have lower morbidity and higher mortality.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of new drugs for medullary thyroid carcinoma

Luo

Wang

et al. 2022

Front. Oncol.

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Medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) is one of the common malignant endocrine tumors, which seriously affects human health. Although surgical resection offers a potentially curative therapeutic option to some MTC patients, most patients do not benefit from it due to the difficulty to access the tumors and tumor metastasis. The survival rate of MTC patients has improved with the recent advances in the research, which has improved our understanding of the molecular mechanism underlying MTC and enabled the development and approval of novel targeted drugs. In this article, we reviewed the molecular mechanisms related to MTC progression and the principle for the design of molecular targeted drugs, and proposed some future directions for prospective studies exploring targeted drugs for MTC.

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Medullary thyroid carcinoma: a narrative historical review

Cited by 7 publications

References 129 publications

Oncologic outcomes of calcitonin-negative medullary thyroid carcinoma

Oncologic outcomes of calcitonin-negative medullary thyroid carcinoma

Post-thyroidectomy hypocalcemia and related complications

Design of new drugs for medullary thyroid carcinoma

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