Medieval Super-Grandfather founder of Western Kazakh Clans from Haplogroup C2a1a2-M48

Zhabagin, Maxat; Sabitov, Zhaxylyk; Tazhigulova, Inkar; Alborova, Irina; Agdzhoyan, A. T.; Wei, Lan-Hai; Urasin, Vadim; Koshel, S. M.; Mustafin, Kharis; Akilzhanova, Ainur; Li, Hui; Balanovsky, Oleg; Balanovska, Elena

doi:10.1038/s10038-021-00901-5

Cited by 11 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…That early ebullience has faded, particularly since subsequent studies have drawn on the greater power of next-generation sequencing, which has allowed the definition of Y-DNA haplotypes to a much greater degree of accuracy and precision than affordable via the determination of a relatively small number of Y-STR markers. Nevertheless, it is apparent that 'super-progenitors' did leave large genetic footprints, even if they are not as large as first imagined (Zhabagin et al, 2021).…”

Section: Clerical Lineages Masking Succession and Concubinage Beyond 'The Norm'mentioning

confidence: 96%

Mac Giolla Phádraig Clerics 1394-1534 AD: Part I

Fitzpatrick¹

2021

J. Fitzpatrick Clan Soc.

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Mac Giolla Phádraig Clerics 1394-1534 AD is a three-part series, which provides an account of all known individual Mac Giolla Phádraig clerics in the late medieval era and details their temporalities, occupations, familial associations, and broader networks. The ultimate goal of the series is the full contextualisation of all available historical records relating to Mac Giolla Phádraig clerics alongside the genealogical record that can be extracted by twenty-first century science – that being the science of Y-DNA. The Papal Registers, in particular, record numerous occurrences of Mac Giolla Phádraig clerics, predominantly in the dioceses of Cill Dalua (Killaloe) and Osraí (Ossory), from the late fourteenth to the early sixteenth century. Yet, no small intrigue surrounds their emergence. Part I of Mac Giolla Phádraig Clerics 1394-1534 AD examines the context surrounding the earliest appointments of Mac Giolla Phádraig clerics, which is in neither Cill Dalua nor Osraí but the diocese of Luimneach (Limerick). Once that context is understood, a pattern of associations emerges. A ‘coincidental’ twenty-first century surname match from the Fitzpatrick Y-DNA project leads to a review of the relationship between the FitzMaurice of Ciarraí (Kerry) clerics and Jordan Purcell, Bishop of Cork and Cloyne (1429-1472). The ‘coincidence’ then leads to an examination of a close Y-DNA match between men of the surnames Purcell and Hennessey. That match, coupled with the understanding that Nicholas Ó hAonghusa (O’Hennessey), elected Bishop of Lismore and Waterford (1480-1483) but with opposition, is considered a member of Purcell’s household, transforms the ‘coincidence’ into a curiosity. Part I morphs into a conversation, likely uncomfortable for some, relating to clerical concubinage, illegitimacy, and the ‘lubricity’ of the prioress and her nuns at the Augustinian nunnery of St Catherine's O’Conyll. The nunnery was located at Mainistir na gCailleach Dubh (Monasternagalliaghduff), which lay just a stone’s throw from where Bishop Jordan Purcell and Matthew Mac Giolla Phádraig, the first Mac Giolla Phádraig cleric recorded in the Papal Registers, emerged. Part I makes no judgments and draws no firm conclusions but prepares the reader for Part II by ending with some questions. Do the Mac Giolla Phádraig clerics of Osraí, who rose to prominence in the late-fifteenth century, have their origins in Deasmhumhain (Desmond)? Could the paternal lineages of Mac Giolla Phádraig clerics be, at least from the mid-fourteenth century, with the house of the Geraldine FitzMaurice clerics of Ciarraí? And, could some of the modern-day descendants of the Mac Giolla Phádraig clerics be those Costigans, FitzGeralds, and Fitzpatricks who are found under haplotype R-A1488?

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Section: Clerical Lineages Masking Succession and Concubinage Beyond 'The Norm'mentioning

confidence: 96%

Mac Giolla Phádraig Clerics 1394-1534 AD: Part I

Fitzpatrick¹

2021

J. Fitzpatrick Clan Soc.

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“…;Zhabagin et al, 2017) and local (Gokcumen et al, 2008;Balmukhanov et al, 2013;Tarlykov et al, 2013;Wen et al, 2020;M. ;Zhabagin et al, 2021) contexts. The accumulated data provide preliminary insights into the demographic history of Kazakhs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Relationship Among the Kazakh People Based on Y-STR Markers Reveals Evidence of Genetic Variation Among Tribes and Zhuz

et al. 2022

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Ethnogenesis of Kazakhs took place in Central Asia, a region of high genetic and cultural diversity. Even though archaeological and historical studies have shed some light on the formation of modern Kazakhs, the process of establishment of hierarchical socioeconomic structure in the Steppe remains contentious. In this study, we analyzed haplotype variation at 15 Y-chromosomal short-tandem-repeats obtained from 1171 individuals from 24 tribes representing the three socio-territorial subdivisions (Senior, Middle and Junior zhuz) in Kazakhstan to comprehensively characterize the patrilineal genetic architecture of the Kazakh Steppe. In total, 577 distinct haplotypes were identified belonging to one of 20 haplogroups; 16 predominant haplogroups were confirmed by SNP-genotyping. The haplogroup distribution was skewed towards C2-M217, present in all tribes at a global frequency of 51.9%. Despite signatures of spatial differences in haplotype frequencies, a Mantel test failed to detect a statistically significant correlation between genetic and geographic distance between individuals. An analysis of molecular variance found that ∼8.9% of the genetic variance among individuals was attributable to differences among zhuzes and ∼20% to differences among tribes within zhuzes. The STRUCTURE analysis of the 1164 individuals indicated the presence of 20 ancestral groups and a complex three-subclade organization of the C2-M217 haplogroup in Kazakhs, a result supported by the multidimensional scaling analysis. Additionally, while the majority of the haplotypes and tribes overlapped, a distinct cluster of the O2 haplogroup, mostly of the Naiman tribe, was observed. Thus, firstly, our analysis indicated that the majority of Kazakh tribes share deep heterogeneous patrilineal ancestries, while a smaller fraction of them are descendants of a founder paternal ancestor. Secondly, we observed a high frequency of the C2-M217 haplogroups along the southern border of Kazakhstan, broadly corresponding to both the path of the Mongolian invasion and the ancient Silk Road. Interestingly, we detected three subclades of the C2-M217 haplogroup that broadly exhibits zhuz-specific clustering. Further study of Kazakh haplotypes variation within a Central Asian context is required to untwist this complex process of ethnogenesis.

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“…An individual’s belonging to a tribe or clan is determined by patrilineal inheritance. For many Turkic-speaking populations of Central Asia, it is associated with Y-chromosome inheritance and is expressed by a strong founder effect for the clans [ 7 , 8 , 9 ]. At the same time, ~10% of the genetic variability calculated for 15 Y-STR loci between Kazakh individuals is due to variability between the social-territorial communities (three zhuzes) of the Kazakhs [ 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous studies of the genetic polymorphism of the Y-chromosome of the Kazakh tribes of Western Kazakhstan were limited to 17 Y-STR loci [ 9 , 10 ]. A study of Y-SNP markers reveals a high frequency of the haplogroup C2a1a2-M48 for the Alimuly and Baiuly tribes (77% and 71%, respectively) [ 9 ]. Phylogenetic analysis within it singles out the Y15552 subbranch characteristic of these tribes, which coincides with the genealogy of these tribes in terms of the lifetime of the common ancestor and traces their origin to the Golden Horde Emir Alau (XV century).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genetic Polymorphism of 27 Y-STR Loci in the Western Kazakh Tribes from Kazakhstan and Karakalpakstan, Uzbekistan

Ashirbekov

Sabitov²,

Aidarov³

et al. 2022

Genes

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Data on the genetic polymorphism of 27 Y-STR in Kazakhs of the Junior Zhuz has been presented and analyzed in relation to forensic features. A total of 464 representatives of the Western Kazakh tribes of Kazakhstan (Western Kazakhs, n = 405) and Uzbekistan (Karakalpakstan Kazakhs, n = 59) were examined by the Yfiler Plus set. The data are available in the YHRD under accession numbers YA006010 and YA006009. Genetic analysis (AMOVA and MDS) did not show significant differences between the two groups (Kazakhstan and Karakalpakstan Kazakhs) in terms of Y-chromosome diversity. Both groups are characterized by haplogroup C2a1a2 as a founder effect, which dominated two of the three tribes: Alimuly (67%), Baiuly (74.6%), and Zhetiru (25.8%). At the same time, the phylogenetic network for each tribe found its own clusters within C2a1a2. Western Kazakhs and Karakalpakstan Kazakhs present high values of unique haplotypes (84.44% and 96.61%), discrimination capacity (90.37% and 98.30%), and haplotype diversity (0.9991 and 0.9994). A set of 27 Y-STR loci distinguishes closely related individuals within the Western Kazakh tribes quite well. It is suitable for forensic application, and is also optimal for population genetics studies.

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Medieval Super-Grandfather founder of Western Kazakh Clans from Haplogroup C2a1a2-M48

Cited by 11 publications

References 39 publications

Mac Giolla Phádraig Clerics 1394-1534 AD: Part I

Mac Giolla Phádraig Clerics 1394-1534 AD: Part I

Genetic Relationship Among the Kazakh People Based on Y-STR Markers Reveals Evidence of Genetic Variation Among Tribes and Zhuz

Genetic Polymorphism of 27 Y-STR Loci in the Western Kazakh Tribes from Kazakhstan and Karakalpakstan, Uzbekistan

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