Medicinal Value of the Caterpillar Fungi Species of the Genus Cordyceps (Fr.) Link (Ascomycetes). A Review

Holliday, John C.; Cleaver, Matt P.

doi:10.1615/intjmedmushr.v10.i3.30

Cited by 167 publications

(122 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Cordycepic acid is one of the main active ingredients of Cordyceps , which can be used to inhibit the growth of a variety of bacteria, regulate blood sugar and prevent cancer, cerebral thrombosis etc. (Holliday and Cleaver 2008). It is generally considered that the high content of cordycepic acid in Cordyceps indicates potentially important medicinal value.…”

Section: Conclusion and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of radical scavenging active components in the fermented mycelia of Ophiocordyceps formosana

Cheng

Da³

et al. 2017

Mycology

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The rates of 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryhydrazyl (DPPH)-free radical scavenging and hydroxyl radical eliminating were employed as indexes to qualitatively and quantitatively analyse the radical scavenging activity of the extracts with different solvents from fermented mycelia of Hirsutella huangshanensis RCEF0868, the anamorph of Ophiocordyceps formosana (FMOF). The results showed that both the aqueous extract and the methanol extract had significant radical scavenging activity. The half maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC50) of the aqueous extract on DPPH-free radical and hydroxyl radical are 0.85 and 1.37 mg/mL, respectively, while the IC50 of methanol extract is 1.23 and 2.91 mg/mL, respectively. The combined liquid chromatography-diode array detector-high resolution mass spectrometer(HRMS) analysis and activity determination revealed that the molecular formulas of three radical scavengers in aqueous extract were C6H14O6(1), C14H17N5O8(2) and C20H33N5O9(3). In addition to the compound 1, the methanol extract had another three radical scavengers as C30H22O11(4), C30H22O10(5) and C30H18O10(6). All the six kinds of components exhibited the DPPH radical scavenging activity, and compounds 1, 4 and 5 also showed the hydroxyl radical eliminating activity at the same time. By querying the database of natural products and reference to the relevant reports, compound 3 may be a new entity. The others were respectively cordycepic acid, succinoadenosine, 4α-oxyrugulosin, rugulosin and skyrin and, among them, succinoadenosine and 4α-oxyrugulosin were found in entomogenous fungi for the first time.

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Section: Conclusion and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of radical scavenging active components in the fermented mycelia of Ophiocordyceps formosana

Cheng

Da³

et al. 2017

Mycology

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“…In nature, these stressors are heat and cold, fire and flood, or nutrient deficiency (Holliday and Cleaver 2008). A sudden change in temperature (heat shock or cold shock) or other adverse environmental conditions can stimulate living organisms to produce heat shock proteins (Hsps) for protection and cell repairmen activities.…”

Section: Heat Shock Proteins Responded To Environmental Stressmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential molecular mechanisms for fruiting body formation of Cordyceps illustrated in the case ofCordyceps sinensis

et al. 2017

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The fruiting body formation mechanisms of Cordyceps sinensis are still unclear. To explore the mechanisms, proteins potentially related to the fruiting body formation, proteins from fruiting bodies, and mycelia of Cordyceps species were assessed by using two-dimensional fluorescence difference gel electrophoresis, and the differential expression proteins were identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation tandem time of flight mass spectrometry. The results showed that 198 differential expression proteins (252 protein spots) were identified during the fruiting body formation of Cordyceps species, and 24 of them involved in fruiting body development in both C. sinensis and other microorganisms. Especially, enolase and malate dehydrogenase were first found to play an important role in fruiting body development in macro-fungus. The results implied that cAMP signal pathway involved in fruiting body development of C. sinensis, meanwhile glycometabolism, protein metabolism, energy metabolism, and cell reconstruction were more active during fruiting body development. It has become evident that fruiting body formation of C. sinensis is a highly complex differentiation process and requires precise integration of a number of fundamental biological processes. Although the fruiting body formation mechanisms for all these activities remain to be further elucidated, the possible mechanism provides insights into the culture of C. sinensis.

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“…Currently, the fruit bodies of this fungus have been successfully cultivated and commercialized for medicinal and health products, and even for direct consumption as edible mushroom in supermarket. In addition to the medicinal and health products from the C. militaris mycelia in submerged culture, the bioactive compounds (Das et al 2010) from the fermented mycelia as pharmaceutical active ingredients, such as cordycepin, cordycepic acids, polysaccharide and carotenoids, have become a major industrial use for C. militaris (Holliday and Cleaver 2008). …”

Section: Industry Of Fungi Associated With Chinese Cordycepsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cordyceps industry in China

Dong

Guo²,

Wang

et al. 2015

Mycology

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Cordyceps, as a general term, describes a group of ascomycetous fungi growing on arthropods and other related fungi. Some cordyceps have been used in traditional Chinese medicine for centuries and cordyceps-derived products are currently a big industry in China. A number of medicinal and health products have been developed and extensively commercialized from natural Chinese cordyceps, its anamorphic fungus (Hirsutella sinensis), and other fungi known as Chinese cordyceps. The lack of a defined classification system for medicinal cordyceps fungi is a source of confusion in the industry and the public, and even among pharmaceutical scientists. This review summarizes the cordyceps fungi currently used in the industry in China with a special reference to clarify Chinese cordyceps and associated fungi. Cordyceps militaris, Cordyceps guangdongensis and Isaria cicadae are well recognized and commercialized cordyceps fungi in China. Except the natural Chinese cordyceps and its anamorphic fungus, Paecilomyces hepiali, Mortierella hepiali, Cephalosporium sinensis and Clonostachys rosea isolated from natural Chinese cordyceps are classified as Chinese cordyceps–associated fungi. P. hepiali is a cordyceps fungus based on current phylogenetic analysis of Hypocreales, while M. hepiali is a fungus in the Zygomycetes and should only be treated as associated fungus of Chinese cordyceps. C. sinensis and C. rosea belong to the Hypocreales and their relationship to cordyceps fungi should be further studied. The exploitation of the resources of cordyceps fungi and their quality control in the industry should be major topics for future studies. Cooperation between the industry and the research community will enhance the whole cordyceps industry.

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Medicinal Value of the Caterpillar Fungi Species of the Genus Cordyceps (Fr.) Link (Ascomycetes). A Review

Cited by 167 publications

References 27 publications

Analysis of radical scavenging active components in the fermented mycelia of Ophiocordyceps formosana

Analysis of radical scavenging active components in the fermented mycelia of Ophiocordyceps formosana

Potential molecular mechanisms for fruiting body formation of Cordyceps illustrated in the case ofCordyceps sinensis

Cordyceps industry in China

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