Medicinal Fruit Lapsi Choerospondias axillaris Roxburgh, 1832 (B. L. Burtt & A. W. Hill) Enhances Fish Growth and Immunity in Aquaculture

Abstract

Today we live in a world where poverty, hunger and malnutrition are prevalent. It has been estimated that 14 per cent of the global population or 852 million people are going hungry and of these 690 million are in the Asia-Pacific region. Aquaculture is the farming of aquatic organisms in both coastal and inland areas involving interventions in the rearing process to enhance production. It is probably the fastest growing food-producing sector and now accounts for 50 percent of the world's fish that is used for food. Fish contributes over 20 per cent of the animal protein intake for more than 2.6 billion people around the world. Hence, fish and fisheries make a major contribution to nutritional security and the fight against hunger and poverty in Asia. Immunostimulants known as immunostimulators are attractive substances that activate the immune system of humans and animals for prevention of diseases and improvement of the body's natural resistance to various viral and bacterial infections. These biologically active substances are the products derived from natural sources or synthetically made with different chemical properties and mechanisms of action. Lapsi, Choerospondias axillaris is indigenous fruit tree of Nepal found growing within 900-2000 m above sea level in many parts of the country. Native to Nepal hills (850-1900 m asl), the tree has also been reported from India, China, Thailand, Japan and Vietnam. Nepal is unique for processing and use of Lapsi fruits. Fruits are rich in vitamin C content, and are consumed fresh, pickled and processed for preparing a variety of sweet and sour, tasty food products locally called as Mada and candy. It is grown in 301 village Development committees of 29 hill districts of Nepal for some socio-economic purpose. Like other medicinal fruits, lapsi also act as immunostimulants and enhance the immunity of fish during aquaculture.

Effect of dietaryHouttuynia cordataleaf meal and leaf extract on the growth performance, nutrient utilization and expression of IGF‐I gene inLabeo rohita

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Aquaculture has played a significant role in nutritional security, poverty reduction, as well as promoting the socioeconomic status of the poor people, especially in developing countries (Labh, Shakya, Gupta, Kumar, & Kayastha, 2017). The occurrence of diseases is a threat in fish production.

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In Vitro Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activities of Medicinal Flower Laligurans Rhododendron arboreum Collected from Kathmandu Valley, Nepal

“…The extraction procedures ( Figure 1 ) employed in this study were a combination of methods described by [ 11 , 12 ] and Labh et al [ 13 ]. The flower petals of R. arboreum underwent a ten-day air-drying process at room temperature, followed by pulverization in a blender and storage in a container.…”

“…The DPPH radical scavenging activity of the extracts was assessed according to the method described by [ 17 ], with slight modifications based on the study by Labh et al [ 18 ]. A 0.05-millimolar (mM) solution of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) was prepared in methanol at a low temperature.…”

The Champati Slide

“…1) and Champati (Lapsi seed, Fig. 2) and the bark of Lapsi tree have many medical, economic and social importance in daily life (Labh and Shakya, 2016;Acharya, 2022;Mann et al, 2022). The Champati has a very complex anatomical structure.…”