Medical treatment of urinary incontinence in the bitch

Timmermans, Joep; Goethem, B. Van; Rooster, H. de; Paepe, Dominique

doi:10.21825/vdt.v88i1.11399

Cited by 2 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…In dogs, USMI is the most common cause of acquired UI (i.e., 3-5%). The frequency is influenced by gender, breed, body size, weight, docking, gonadectomy, urethral length, urethral tone, and bladder neck positioning, without any known breed predisposition [2,4,19].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Urinary incontinence represents an uncontrolled or involuntary urine leakage during the storage phase of micturition [1,2]. It is a common pathology in both intact (i.e., 02-0.3%) and spayed bitches (i.e., 20%) [2]. Usually, females with acquired UI suffer from USMI [3,4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the pathophysiology is multifactorial but incompletely elucidated, with OHE, weight, breed, age, and anatomical anomalies as primary contributing factors [5,6]. Nevertheless, the condition comprises hormonal, structural, and functional derangements [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Neurogenic factors comprise low and upper motor neuron disorders; detrusor urethral dyssynergia, dysautonomia, and primary bladder atony. Non-neurogenic urinary incontinence (i.e., USMI) includes congenital disorders, detrusor hyperreflexia, anatom-ical or functional urethral obstruction leading to secondary bladder atony, and bladder atony due to muscle weakness or medications [2]. Usually, all females suffer from acquired USMI.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Splenic hematoma and pelvic bladder in a spayed German shepherd mongrel bitch (Canis lupus familiaris). A case report.

et al. 2022

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: Splenic hematomas represent the most encountered splenic benign masses in dogs (Canis lupus familiaris), and they are usually secondary to splenic nodular hyperplasia. In most spayed bitches with urinary incontinence (UI), pelvic bladders are a common finding. In addition, ovariohysterectomy (OHE), hormonal imbalances, and various anatomical anomalies are responsible for the onset of urethral sphincter mechanism incompetence (USMI). This case report highlights the aggravating aspect caused by a splenic hematoma to develop a pelvic bladder in a mongrel bitch, that was sterilized seven years ago. A 14-years-old spayed German shepherd was presented to the Emergency Veterinary Hospital in Cluj-Napoca, with a history of apathy, incontinence, and foul kennel smell, for several months. The diagnostic was based on anamnesis, medical history, imagistic, and routine laboratory assays. The main findings were the presence of a pelvic bladder, splenic hematoma, and chronic cholecystitis. The bitch was admitted for 14 days. Surgical intervention was required, so a splenectomy was performed. Besides the surgical management and the supportive care, the bitch also received treatment for UI with phenylpropanolamine (PPA; Propalin 5%; 1.2 mg/kg 12h PO prn). Three days after surgery and treatment, the bitch recovered the urinary tonus, and UI was absent. The bitch was discharged two weeks after the surgical intervention. The presence of splenic hematomas can precipitate the development of UI by partially translocating the urinary bladder into the pelvic cavity (i.e., pelvic bladder), especially in old spayed bitches.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Splenic hematoma and pelvic bladder in a spayed German shepherd mongrel bitch (Canis lupus familiaris). A case report.

et al. 2022

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“…(Applegate et al, 2018). Urinary incontinence and subsequent medical management have been discussed in more detail in a previous literature review article published in this journal (Timmermans et al, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surgical treatment of refractory incontinence in the bitch

Timmermans¹,

Goethem²,

Rooster³

2020

VDT

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Urinary incontinence is a common condition in spayed, female dogs with a reported prevalence between 3.1% and 20.1%. In the majority of dogs with acquired urinary incontinence, urethral sphincter mechanism incompetence is the underlying cause. Approximately 15% of bitches that initially respond to medical therapy ultimately become refractory. Surgical intervention is indicated when patients do not respond or become refractory to medical treatment. Based on the current literature, placement of an artificial urethral sphincter, i.e. an inflatable cuff around the proximal urethra connected to a subcutaneous injection port, provides a very reliable and longterm incontinence resolution in bitches and has a low complication rate.

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Medical treatment of urinary incontinence in the bitch

Cited by 2 publications

References 27 publications

Splenic hematoma and pelvic bladder in a spayed German shepherd mongrel bitch (Canis lupus familiaris). A case report.

Splenic hematoma and pelvic bladder in a spayed German shepherd mongrel bitch (Canis lupus familiaris). A case report.

Surgical treatment of refractory incontinence in the bitch

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