Medical treatment of acute spinal cord injuries

Ceylan, Savaş; Kalelioğlu, Müfit; Aktürk, G; Aktürk, Fadil

doi:10.1007/pl00020013

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 18 publications

(22 reference statements)

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“…(C) A significant correlation was detected between lesion volume values obtained with the two methods (P < 0.05, regression ANOVA). a variety of experimental models of CNS trauma in a number of species (Akdemir et al, 1993;Arias MJ, 1987;Behrmann et al, 1994;Ceylan et al, 1990Ceylan et al, , 1992Faden, 1989Faden, , 1993Faden et al, 1981Faden et al, , 1990Fukuda et al, 1979;Puniak et al, 1991;Takami et al, 1991;Wang and Zhu, 1991). A small clinical study confirmed these beneficial effects in human spinal cord injury (Pitts et al, 1995).…”

Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuroprotective and Nootropic Actions of a Novel Cyclized Dipeptide after Controlled Cortical Impact Injury in Mice

Faden

Fox

et al. 2003

J Cereb Blood Flow Metab

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Summary: 1-ARA-35b (35b) is a cyclized dipeptide that shows considerable neuroprotective activity in vitro and improves neurologic recovery after fluid percussion-induced traumatic brain injury in rats. The authors evaluated the effects of treatment with 35b in mice subjected to controlled cortical impact brain injury. Animals treated with intravenous 35b after traumatic injury showed significantly enhanced recovery of beam walking and place learning functions compared with vehicle-treated controls, in addition to reduced lesion volumes. Beneficial effects were dose related and showed an inverted U-shaped dose-response curve between 0.1 and 10 mg/kg. Protective actions were found when the drug was administered initially at 30 minutes or 1, 4, or 8 hours, but not at 24 hours, after trauma. In separate experiments, rats treated with 35b on days 7 through 10 after injury showed remarkably improved place learning in comparison with injured controls. These studies confirm and extend the neuroprotective effects of this diketopiperazine in traumatic brain injury. In addition, they show that 35b has a relatively wide therapeutic window and improves cognitive function after both acute and chronic injury.

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Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuroprotective and Nootropic Actions of a Novel Cyclized Dipeptide after Controlled Cortical Impact Injury in Mice

Faden

Fox

et al. 2003

J Cereb Blood Flow Metab

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“…17,18 This work was successfully extended to brain injury models, and the neuroprotective actions of such compounds were confirmed by many laboratories. Indeed, in direct comparison studies, TRH or TRH analogues have been shown to be more effective than many of the other major proposed neuroprotective strategies, including highdose methylprednisolone, [19][20][21] opiate antagonists, [21][22][23][24] NMDA antagonists, 25 calcium channel blockers, 26 serotonin antagonists, 23 and neurotensin antagonists, among others. 21 In addition, a small clinical trial of TRH suggested protective effects after spinal cord injury in humans.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Neuroprotective Tripeptides and Dipeptides

Faden¹

2005

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

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It has long been recognized that thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) and certain TRH analogues are neuroprotective in a variety of animal models of CNS trauma. In addition to these neuroprotective actions, TRH and most TRH analogues have other physiological actions that may not be desirable for treatment of acute injury, such as analeptic, autonomic, and endocrine effects. We have developed a series of dual-substituted TRH analogues that have strong neuroprotective actions, but are largely devoid of these other physiological actions. In addition, we have developed a family of cyclized dipeptides (diketopiperazines), structurally somewhat related to a metabolic product of TRH, that appear even more effective as neuroprotective agents in vitro and in vivo, and may have nootropic properties. Here, we review these novel tripeptide and dipeptide compounds.

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“…There is evidence in animals and in human beings that TRH and its analogs may decrease secondary injury after SCI and improve neurological recovery. 1,2,7 Proposed mechanisms of efficacy include antagonism of endogenous opioids, peptidoleukotrienes, platelet-activating factors, and excitotoxins. 8 In rodent models of SCI, TRH can improve functional locomotion and decrease the amount of secondary injury.…”

Section: Combination Of Medications Have Been Effective In Treating Mmentioning

confidence: 99%