Medical Informatics in Ensuring Quality Control of Cancer Care: Promising Directions of Development

2022

Onkourologiâ

Self Cite

Background. As of 2019, prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most common malignancy in men living in Russia (15.7 % of all cancer cases detected in 2019). Cardiovascular diseases, in particular atherosclerosis, are believed to be the second most frequent cause of death in PCa patients.Aim. To evaluate cardiovascular safety of hormone therapy for PCa on the example of gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) agonists and antagonists (leuprolide and degarelix), second-generation antiandrogens (enzalutamide), and steroidogenesis inhibitors (abiraterone).Materials and methods. We analyzed the results of original studies assessing cardiovascular safety of hormone therapy in PCa patients published in 2020–2021 and indexed in PubMed. The results of other meta-analyses and systematic reviews were not included.The search for publications was performed using the PubMed database and the Google system. The following key words were used for searching: prostate cancer, cardiovascular risks, cardiovascular safety, outcomes, atherosclerosis, etc. We analyzed studies published between January 2020 and January 2022. Articles in English and Russian were selected manually; no filters were applied.Results. We examined the results of the latest and most relevant original studies assessing cardiovascular safety of key innovative hormone therapies for PCa. The majority of recent studies were based on routine clinical practice; they were registered in highly specialized cancer registers.Hormone therapy is associated with cardiotoxicity, which increases the risk of non-cancer related death in PCa patients. New, sometimes conflicting evidence is being constantly accumulated. This evidence suggests that the GnRH antagonist (degarelix) has a better cardiovascular safety profile than the GnRH agonist (leuprolide); enzalutamide is safer than abiraterone. Further search for prognostic biomarkers in PCa patients is needed.Conclusion. More high-quality studies analyzing adverse cardiovascular events in PCa patients conducted in routine clinical practice and registered in the online databases are the next stage to identify benefits of one antitumor drug over another. This will help to choose optimal hormone therapy algorithms for PCa patients and, therefore, increase their overall survival.

Cardiovascular safety of hormone therapy for prostate cancer

2022

Onkourologiâ

Self Cite

Performance analysis of the quality criteria for colorectal cancer surgery

2022

Malignant Tumours

Common surgical treatment options for colorectal cancer (CRC) are high-risk interventions. The accumulation of various digital health data is critical to improving the quality of cancer care. The article analyzes cases of using the composite unified quality criteria (QC) in CRC surgery and highlights the directions of further development of specific quality indicators and an evaluation system for CRC treatment outcomes. Integrative multiparametric approaches to quality analysis have the potential to improve the quality of surgical oncology. They can be implemented along with other approaches after approval for use in real-world clinical practice.

Results of clinical developments of early triple negative breast cancer drug treatment: ASCO - 2022

2022

City Healthcare

Introduction. This article continues the series of reviews of innovative clinical developments related to drug therapy for leading cancers following the ASCO-2022 Annual Congress. This time we are seeing the results of therapy for early triple negative breast cancer (hereinafter referred to as TNR) is a consequence of the fact that TNR accounts for 15–20% of cases of all breast cancers, while it is the subtype of breast cancer (hereinafter referred to as BC), for which the choice of treatment methods is significantly limited. In Russia, state tasks have been set within the framework of the Federal project “Fight against cancer”, which provide for a significant reduction in mortality from neoplasms, including by improving the quality and effectiveness of drug treatment. Materials and methods. This scientific review is based on the results of a search in the databases of the digital educational platform MEDtalks.nl, PubMed/Medline and Google. Dictionary forms were used in the search strings: "kanker", "vroeg stadium", "triple negatief", "mammacarcinoom", "clinical trials", "ASCO-2022" and others in Dutch and English. Results and conclusion. The results presented in this article once again substantiate the prospects for further determination of algorithms for biomarker-personalized immunotherapy (in particular, pembrolizumab) as part of the combined antitumor treatment of RMZHER–/PR–/HER2– at early stages. Radiogenomics/radioproteomics technologies are a prime example of low-cost diagnostic tools that allow promptly suggesting a personalized tumor portrait in the period before biopsy. Further improvement of clinical oncoinformatics technologies (rather large arrays of omics data have already been accumulated) will contribute to a better understanding of programs for individualized choice of differentiated therapy for cancer patients, including patients with RMZHER–/PR–/HER2–. For citation: Andreev DA, Zavyalov AA. Results of clinical developments of early triple negative breast cancer drug treatment: ASCO-2022. City Healthсare. 2022;3(4): 122–131 doi: 10.47619/2713-2617.zm.2022.v.3i4;122–131