Medical and dental implications of cocaine abuse

Lee, Cameron Y. S.; Mohammadi, Hossein; Dixon, Russell A.

doi:10.1016/0278-2391(91)90223-9

Cited by 28 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 20 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…2 In addition, cocaine blocks the re-uptake of norepinephrine and dopamine, which prolongs and increases the effects of these neurotransmitters. 6 Stimulation of the dopamine system induces a feeling of euphoria and arousal. Symptoms are light-headedness, dizzi ness, blurred vision, tinnitus and disori entation.…”

Section: Systemic Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other symptoms are paranoia, hallucinations, restlessness, aggressive behaviour, delirium, vomiting, trem ors, shivering, insomnia, dilated pupils, hyperthermia, hypertension, tachycardia and an increased respiration rate. 2,[4][5][6] With increasing doses of cocaine, these initial signs of central nervous system excitation are rapidly followed by a gen eralised state of central nervous system depression, resulting in a decreased res piration rate with periods of apnoea. 2,6 The sympathomimetic effect of cocaine results in an increased heart rate and an increased oxygen demand of the myocardium.…”

Section: Systemic Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2,[4][5][6] With increasing doses of cocaine, these initial signs of central nervous system excitation are rapidly followed by a gen eralised state of central nervous system depression, resulting in a decreased res piration rate with periods of apnoea. 2,6 The sympathomimetic effect of cocaine results in an increased heart rate and an increased oxygen demand of the myocardium. However, cocaine simultaneously induces vasoconstric tion of the coronary arteries, decreasing the oxygen supply.…”

Section: Systemic Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…52,54 Furthermore, lidocaine in combina tion with cocaine potentiates the risk of convulsions. 2,[4][5][6] Because of the potential medical risks during dental treatment, dentists should try to identify patients that use cocaine. Dentists should therefore be alert for signs of recent or chronic use of cocaine (eg agitation and damage to the nasal septum, respectively).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Cocaine and oral health

2008

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Systemic Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Systemic Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Systemic Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Cocaine and oral health

2008

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…These include gingival and mucosal ulceration and periodontitis [10][11][12] which occur following chronic gingival application. This is thought to occur as a result of the ischaemic vasoconstricting action of the drug.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecstasy related periodontitis and mucosal ulceration – a case report

et al. 2003

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Cocaine, polysubstance abuse, and oral health outcomes, NHANES 2009 to 2014

Bahdila

Aldosari

Abdullah

et al. 2020

Journal of Periodontology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundCocaine is the second most abused illicit drug in the United States. To date, no study has examined the association between cocaine use and oral health with a nationally representative sample. Our study examined the association between cocaine use—singly and with other substances—and oral health outcomes, including periodontitis and untreated caries, among US adults.MethodsData for 11,753 individuals, aged ≥30 years, who completed a periodontal examination, in the 2009 to 2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) were analyzed. Descriptive analyses and multivariable binary logistic regression analyses were conducted on weighted data.ResultsOverall, 17% (20.5 million) of US adults aged ≥30 years had ever used cocaine, with higher likelihood seen among males, non‐Hispanic whites, and those living in poverty. Current cocaine use prevalence was 2.6% (3.2 million). By number of co‐used substances, the odds of having any periodontitis were higher among cocaine users who consumed ≥3 other substances (adjusted OR = 2.47; 95% CI = 1.15 to 5.30) when compared with solely cocaine users. By type of substance co‐used, odds of having untreated caries were greater among those reporting cigarettes (adjusted OR = 1.94; 95% CI = 1.21 to 3.11) or methamphetamine (adjusted OR = 5.40; 95% CI = 1.92 to 15.14) usage. Odds of any periodontitis were higher among those reported ancillary cigarette use (adjusted OR = 2.84; 95% CI = 1.60 to 5.04) compared with cocaine‐only users.ConclusionsIn addition to a positive association between periodontal disease, dental caries, and cocaine use, select co‐usage elevated the risk of oral disease. Patients should be screened for and counseled regarding substance abuse to facilitate a successful quit.

show abstract

Medical and dental implications of cocaine abuse

Cited by 28 publications

References 20 publications

Cocaine and oral health

Cocaine and oral health

Ecstasy related periodontitis and mucosal ulceration – a case report

Cocaine, polysubstance abuse, and oral health outcomes, NHANES 2009 to 2014

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About