Mediated Biocatalytic Electrodes and Enzyme Stabilisation for Power Generation

Abstract

This contribution considers the origins, principles and recent literature published on enzymatic biofuel cells, with a focus on performance and stability. Modified or new biofuel cell components, such as modified electrodes, new enzymes and the use of new mediators to improve power output and stability are reviewed. The development of biofuel cells to date leaves huge potential for further improvement and practical application. Cooperation between different fields of science is essential to realise important potential applications in human health and power generation; future research needs to achieve this are discussed.

Nanomaterials for bio-functionalized electrodes: recent trends

“…Many reviews are available, dealing with the strategies to prepare biologically modied electrodes, their characterization and optimisation procedures to improve their performance, as well as their potential practical uses. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] Even if many successful examples of operational devices have been reported, the question of safe immobilization of the biocomponents on the electrode while maintaining their full biological activity, as well as the effective electronic connection between the redox-active sites in the biomolecule and the electrode surface, remains a key challenge for the elaboration of highly efficient systems with long-term operational stability. 10,14,17,19 In this respect, the recent emergence of nanomaterials and nanotechnology has opened new horizons in designing integrated bioelectrochemical systems, thanks to signicant advances in materials science for developing new generations of biologically modied electrodes.…”

“…[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] Even if many successful examples of operational devices have been reported, the question of safe immobilization of the biocomponents on the electrode while maintaining their full biological activity, as well as the effective electronic connection between the redox-active sites in the biomolecule and the electrode surface, remains a key challenge for the elaboration of highly efficient systems with long-term operational stability. 10,14,17,19 In this respect, the recent emergence of nanomaterials and nanotechnology has opened new horizons in designing integrated bioelectrochemical systems, thanks to signicant advances in materials science for developing new generations of biologically modied electrodes. 21,22 The nanoscale design of electrode surfaces is indeed likely to provide novel and sometimes unique properties due to the ability of the intrinsic properties of the nanomaterials employed, the ability to control the architecture of the electrode interface at the nanoscale, or both.…”

Development of Electron Transfer Mediator Using Modified Graphite Oxide/Cobalt for Enzymatic Fuel Cell

“…10 Electron transfer mediators have been developed to support redox enzymes on the surface of conductors and to transfer electrons. Conventional entrapment methods and weak bound redox centers have also been used.…”

Heterogeneously integrated impedance measuring system with disposable thin-film electrodes

“…This forces the disposal of the CMOS chip after a few measurements, which is not practical due to cost and environmental considerations. In addition, large-size electrodes are desirable in some applications such as cell level analysis [16,17]. Due to the integration of the on-chip electrodes, the cost of the CMOS chip can be significantly increased by increasing the silicon die area.…”