Mediastinal Tumors and Cysts in Children

Primary germ cell tumors of the mediastinum

“…Nonetheless, such tumors have also been described in other locations, such as the pineal gland, retroperitoneum, mediastinum, and sacral area 2‐4. Germ cell tumors arising primarily in the mediastinum are uncommon and have mostly been the subject of case reports; very few comprehensive studies on this topic have been reported in the literature 2, 4‐103. It has been estimated in some studies that extragonadal germ cell tumors account for approximately 1‐15% of mediastinal tumors in adults and approximately 25% in children 21, 59, 60, 104…”