Mediastinal germ cell tumor with secondary nongerm cell malignancy, and extensive hematopoietic activity

Definition of a new entity of malignant extragonadal germ cell tumors

“…T h e published, complete karyotypes of seven malignant extragonadal germ cell tumors (Albrecht et al, 1993;Chaganti et al, 1989;Dal Cin et al, 1989;De Bruin et al, 1994;Mann et al, 1983;Oosterhuis et al, 1991;Shen et al, 1990) in addition to the present case and the revised kary-otype of our previously reported case (Oosterhuis et al, 1985), are listed in Table 1. T h e karyotypes of four more mediastinal G C T s have been reported: two by Samaniego et al (1990), and two by Rodriquez et al (1992).…”

Sacrococygeal Teratoma With Sarcomatous Differentiation in a Child

“…Urioste et al [8] reported a 22-yearold man with malignant degenerations of presacral teratoma. All other cases of GCTs with sarcomatous components in the literature were adults and the majority of the tumors were located in the mediastinum [4,9,10] or testis [5]. On the other hand, Yanai et al [11] described an immature ovarian teratoma with rhabdomyosarcomatous components in a 6-year-old girl, which is the first extracranial gonadal case in children.…”

“…Most of them are located in sacrococygeal region [3,4] and half of sacrococcygeal teratomas are present at birth. The age-specific incidence curve is bimodal, with first peak under 3 years and a second peak after 12 years of age [3].…”

“…About 40% of the registered childhood GCTs is mature and immature teratomas. Teratoma with malignant transformation is a rare form of germ cell tumor in which a somatic teratomatous component becomes malignant and develops an aggressive growth pattern [1][2][3][4]. We report a case of sacrococygeal teratoma with sarcomatous elements.…”

Isochromosome 12p in two cases of acute myeloid leukaemia without evidence of germ cell tumour

“…Since the i(12p) is very common in male GCTs arising in all primary sites including the retroperitoneum and mediastinum (Bosl et al, 1994), the aforementioned results suggest a biological relationshipbetween the two entities and that haematological neoplasia may develop in some patients as a consequence of pluripotential differentiation of a malignant germ cell. However, 18/27 (67%) cases of haematological disorders analysed cytogenetically, reported in patients with GCT, have not had i(12p) in their marrow (references in Table I; Kaplan et al, 1991;Oosterhuis et al, 1991;Orazi et al, 1993). Therefore the i(12p), albeit important in a subset of patients with leukaemia and GCT, does not appear to be required for development of GCT-associated haematological malignancies.…”