Medial Border of the Perirenal Space: CT and Anatomic Correlation

Raptopoulos, V.; Touliopoulos, P; Lei, Q F; Vrachliotis, Thomas G.; Marks, S. C.

doi:10.1016/s0022-5347(01)63121-5

Cited by 4 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…We believe that the lateroconal plane and the subfascial plane communicate with the posterior pararenal space through thin pathways (Figs. B, C, B, C, E) similar to perinephric bridging septa, as Raptopoulos et al . suggested, because the flank pad develops as clusters of adipose tissue (Fig.…”

Section: Unsolved Problemsmentioning

confidence: 59%

“…They concluded that the posteromedial part of the lateroconal fascia runs close to the posterior renal fascia, and this combination appears as a single‐layered fascia. Regrettably, they considered the potential space between the proper lateroconal fascia and the posterior renal fascia as the anterior pararenal space, but they generated the idea that pathologies spread by dissecting the fascia. Sato et al ., Japanese anatomists, advocated the “interfascial spaces”, a similar concept to the interfascial planes, in the early 1980s .…”

Section: Basic Knowledgementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite our study, the structure of the retroperitoneum has not yet been completely clarified. First, another compartment around the aorta and inferior vena cava, the perivascular central space, might exist. From the view of our embryological study, this compartment might develop as adipose tissues around the vessels and the migration fascia, which might resolve the vague structure of the median part (Fig.…”

Section: Unsolved Problemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…suggested, because the flank pad develops as clusters of adipose tissue (Fig. A), We are now examining the communication between the anterior pararenal space and the retromesenteric plane. The problems mentioned above are summarized in Figure S6.…”

Section: Unsolved Problemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The retroperitoneal interfascial planes: current overview and future perspectives

Ishikawa¹,

Nakao²,

Nakamuro³

et al. 2016

Acute Medicine & Surgery

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Recently, the concept of interfascial planes has become the prevalent theory among radiologists for understanding the retroperitoneal anatomy, having replaced the classic tricompartmental theory. However, it is a little known fact that the concept remains incomplete and includes embryological errors, which have been revised on the basis of our microscopic study. We believe that the concept not only provides a much clearer understanding of the retroperitoneal anatomy, but it also allows further development for diagnosis and treatment of retroperitoneal injuries and diseases, should it become an accomplished theory. We explain the history and outline of the concept of interfascial planes, correct common misunderstandings about the concept, explain the unconsciously applied therapeutic procedures based on the concept, and present future perspectives of the concept using our published and unpublished data. This knowledge could be essential to acute care physicians and surgeons sometime soon.

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Section: Unsolved Problemsmentioning

confidence: 59%

Section: Basic Knowledgementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Unsolved Problemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Unsolved Problemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The retroperitoneal interfascial planes: current overview and future perspectives

Ishikawa¹,

Nakao²,

Nakamuro³

et al. 2016

Acute Medicine & Surgery

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…When pressure in the renal pelvis is signi cantly increased, urine containing pathogenic bacteria and in ammatory cells may in ltrate from the renal interstitium or lymphatic vessels into the subrenal capsule or perirenal space, causing thickened and coarse kidney capsules, increased density of the perirenal space and thickened renal fascias [15]. According to studies from Raptopoulos and other scholars [16], there are multi-layers of fat space in the perirenal space, which are called bridge septa. The function of bridge septa is mainly to buffer the kidney pressure, and to drain uid, pus and urine beneath the renal capsule and the renal sinus.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CT Grading in Upper Urinary Tract Calculi with Kidney Infection

Zhang

Lin

Deng

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background This study is to establish a CT imaging grading system and to explore its value in evaluating upper urinary tract calculi with kidney infection. Methods CT images of 126 patients with kidney infection caused by upper urinary tract calculi were retrospectively analyzed. CT grading system was developed based on CT images. General information, clinical symptoms and examination data of patients in different CT grades were analyzed. With the occurrence of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) as the end point, univariate and multivariate analysis was conducted to analyze the risk factors of SIRS. Results CT images were classified into 4 grades. For patients with different CT grades, the factors of fever, diabetes, blood white blood cell counts, urine leucocytes, CT1 (ratios of renal cortex CT values on the affected side and those on the healthy side), CT2 (ratios of renal pelvis CT values on the affected side and those on the healthy side), maximum body temperature, disease time, proportion of blood neutrophils, C-reactive protein, procalcitonin, and the size of stones had statistical significance (P<0.05). Only CT grading was statistically significant by multivariate analysis. The higher the CT grading, the greater the risk of SIRS, with 4.472 times higher of SIRS risk for each increasement of the CT grade. Conclusions CT images may reflect the involvement extent and scope of upper urinary tract calculi with kidney infection. The higher the CT grade is, the more severe the clinical symptoms are and the greater the risk of SIRS is.

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Perirenal Fat: A Unique Fat Pad and Potential Target for Cardiovascular Disease

2018

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Although visceral obesity is recognized as a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), the efficacy of omental fat removal in CVD treatment is still controversial. There is a need to identify other visceral fat depots for CVD management. This review aims to provide a summary on perirenal fat as an important risk factor for CVD. Studies on epidemiology, anatomy, and function of perirenal fat were reviewed. Observational studies in humans suggest that excessive perirenal fat increases the risk of hypertension and coronary heart disease. Anatomy studies prove that perirenal fat is unique compared to other connective tissues in that it is well vascularized, innervated, and drains into the lymphatic system. Other special morphological features include a complete fascia border, sympathetic-independent development of architecture, and proximity to the kidneys. Based on these anatomical features, perirenal fat regulates the cardiovascular system presumably via neural reflex, adipokine secretion, and fat–kidney interaction. These new insights suggest that perirenal fat may constitute a promising target for CVD management.

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Medial Border of the Perirenal Space: CT and Anatomic Correlation

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

The retroperitoneal interfascial planes: current overview and future perspectives

The retroperitoneal interfascial planes: current overview and future perspectives

CT Grading in Upper Urinary Tract Calculi with Kidney Infection

Perirenal Fat: A Unique Fat Pad and Potential Target for Cardiovascular Disease

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