of surfactants 19 and constriction of the pulmonary vessels 20. IUGR fetuses with chronic intrauterine hypoxia are also prone to asphyxia 21 because in the asphyxiated neonates hypoxia increases pulmonary vascular resistance which results in PH 17. Hypoxia induced IUGR neonates with a mild form of RDS may also experience an acute episode of PH 11. The incidence of IUGR in developing countries is 6 times higher as compared to developed countries. In developing countries, the incidence of IUGR was reported to be 11% of the total number of neonates in 2008 22 , but in 2017, it was up to 30% that constituted 50 to 60% of LBW 23. Preventing LBW infants in developing countries should be considered as a crucial public health priority 24,25 , where the condition is essentially attributed to IUGR. As Pakistan is the developing country, the incidence of mortalities and injuries caused by IUGR associated PH is higher. In this scenario, it is necessary to reduce the burden of IUGR linked PH. We have conducted this study for the first time in Pakistan to shed light on the incidence of PH in IUGR neonates. The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of PH in IUGR neonates. Materials and Methods Study design. The study design was descriptive cross-sectional. Setting. The data was collected within the department of the neonatal intensive care unit of the children hos